How does a bill become law in New Hampshire?
1. Drafting the Bill:
An idea must be drafted into proper bill form by either elected Representatives or Senators, or by other entities like the Governor or interest groups. A sponsor must be found to submit the draft.
2. Presentation to the Legislature:
The drafted bill is given to the Clerk of the Senate or House, introduced, read twice, assigned to a standing committee, and sent for printing.
3. Standing Committees:
Committees, appointed by the Speaker of the House or President of the Senate, review the bill.
4. Committee Hearings:
A public hearing must be held where people may testify for or against the bill. The committee gathers public input before deliberating.
5. Committee Deliberation:
The committee meets to discuss the bill and decides on its fate, submitting a report. The options in this report are "Ought to pass," "Inexpedient to legislate," etc.
6. Floor Action:
The bill can be debated and amended in the House or Senate after the committee report appears. It can be killed based on votes.
7. Passing to the Other Body:
If it passes, the bill goes to the other legislative body for a similar process. If it involves money, it goes to the Appropriations or Finance Committee first.
8. Amended Bills:
Each body must pass the bill in identical form. If there are amendments, it returns to the origin for concurrence, where it may be accepted, rejected, or sent to a Committee of Conference for compromise.
9. Enrolled Bills:
Passed bills go to the Committee on Enrolled Bills for final review for errors before being signed by the Senate President or House Speaker.
10. Governor's Approval:
The bill is sent to the Governor. The Governor has five days to sign, veto, or allow it to become law without a signature. If vetoed, it can still become law with a two-thirds vote in both houses.
11. Final Outcome:
If the legislation is not acted upon before adjournment, it dies (known as a pocket veto). Each bill specifies its effective date.