How does a bill become law in Alaska?
The process of how a bill becomes a law in Alaska involves several key steps:
1. The Idea: A bill may be proposed by various sources, including legislators, committees, agencies, individuals, or the Governor. All bills must be introduced by a legislator, legislative committee, or the Governor.
2. Bill Drafting: The proposed bill is transmitted to the Legislative Affairs Agency for legal drafting and research.
3. Bill Introduction: Once drafted, the bill is introduced by a member of the legislature by submitting it to either the Chief Clerk of the House or the Secretary of the Senate.
4. First Reading: The bill is read for the first time during the Daily Order of Business and referred to a committee.
5. Committee Consideration: The committee holds hearings, may make amendments, or create a committee substitute for the bill. The committee reports its findings and the bill is sent to the next committee or back to the Rules Committee.
6. Second Reading: The bill is read again, and amendments can be proposed and voted on.
7. Third Reading: The bill is read a final time. It must receive a majority vote to pass. If there’s an effective date clause, a two-thirds vote is required.
8. Reconsideration: A member can request to reconsider their vote on the bill under specific rules.
9. Passage in the Other House: Once a bill is passed in one house, it is sent to the other house where it undergoes a similar process of readings and possible amendments.
10. Conference Committees: If there are disagreements between the two houses, a conference committee may be formed to reconcile amendments.
11. Enrollment and Signature: After both houses agree, the bill is enrolled and sent to the Governor for approval.
12. Governor’s Role: The Governor may sign the bill, veto it, or allow it to become law without a signature within a specified timeframe.
13. Becoming Law: If the Governor signs, the bill becomes an Act, and it is assigned a chapter number. It takes effect 90 days after enactment unless a specific effective date is provided.
14. Implementation: Finally, the law may require administrative regulations for enforcement and implementation.