How does a bill become law in North Carolina?
1. Drafting of Bills
A bill is a proposed law that can be drafted by any competent person, often by the Legislative Services Commission.
2. Introduction of Bills
Only a member of the General Assembly can introduce the bill, which is referred to as the bill's sponsor. The bill is read aloud during a daily session, marking its first reading.
3. Reference to Committee
The bill is assigned to a committee for study and recommendation. If approved, it is placed on the calendar for further consideration.
4. Consideration by First House
The bill is discussed, and members may debate it. A vote is taken after the debate; if favorable, it passes to the third reading.
5. Consideration by Second House
After passing the first house, the bill goes to the second house, where it undergoes a similar process of committee review, debate, and voting.
6. Concurrence in Amendments
If the second house amends the bill, it is sent back to the first house for agreement. If there are disagreements, a conference committee may be formed to reconcile the differences.
7. Enrollment, Ratification, and Publication
Once both houses agree, the bill is enrolled and signed by the presiding officers. It is then presented to the Governor for approval or veto. If signed or if no action is taken, it becomes law. If vetoed, it can be overridden by a 3/5 vote in both houses.
After the bill becomes law, it is given a chapter number and published in the "Session Laws of North Carolina."