[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 9910 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 9910

  To amend the Public Health Service Act to require the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services to enforce certain requirements with respect 
to for-profit corporations that own health care systems, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             July 23, 2026

  Ms. Jayapal (for herself, Mr. Deluzio, and Ms. Clarke of New York) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
  Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Financial 
    Services, Ways and Means, and the Judiciary, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To amend the Public Health Service Act to require the Secretary of 
Health and Human Services to enforce certain requirements with respect 
to for-profit corporations that own health care systems, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Health Over Wealth Act''.

SEC. 2. AMENDMENT TO THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE ACT.

    The Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

  ``TITLE XXXIV--REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO PRIVATE OWNERSHIP IN HEALTH 
                                  CARE

``SEC. 3401. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title:
            ``(1) Affiliate.--The term `affiliate' means--
                    ``(A) a person that directly or indirectly owns, 
                controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or 
                more of the outstanding voting securities of another 
                entity, other than a person that holds such 
                securities--
                            ``(i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity 
                        without sole discretionary power to vote such 
                        securities; or
                            ``(ii) solely to secure a debt, if such 
                        entity has not in fact exercised such power to 
                        vote;
                    ``(B) a corporation 20 percent or more of whose 
                outstanding voting securities are directly or 
                indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to 
                vote, by another entity (referred to in this 
                subparagraph as a `covered entity'), or by an entity 
                that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds 
                with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the 
                outstanding voting securities of the covered entity, 
                other than an entity that holds such securities--
                            ``(i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity 
                        without sole discretionary power to vote such 
                        securities; or
                            ``(ii) solely to secure a debt, if such 
                        entity has not in fact exercised such power to 
                        vote;
                    ``(C) a person whose business is operated under a 
                lease or operating agreement by another entity, or 
                person substantially all of whose property is operated 
                under an operating agreement with that other entity; or
                    ``(D) an entity that operates the business or 
                substantially all of the property of another entity 
                under a lease or operating agreement.
            ``(2) Corporation.--The term `corporation' means--
                    ``(A) a joint-stock company;
                    ``(B) a company or partnership association 
                organized under a law that makes only the capital 
                subscribed or callable up to a specified amount 
                responsible for the debts of the association, including 
                a limited partnership and a limited liability company;
                    ``(C) a trust; or
                    ``(D) an association having a power or privilege 
                that a private corporation, but not an individual or a 
                partnership, possesses.
            ``(3) Covered firm.--The term `covered firm' means a for-
        profit corporation that owns or is an affiliate of a health 
        care entity.
            ``(4) Health care entity.--The term `health care entity' 
        means an entity that consists of 1 or more of the following 
        health care providers:
                    ``(A) A hospital.
                    ``(B) A physician practice.
                    ``(C) A skilled nursing facility.
                    ``(D) A hospice facility.
                    ``(E) A mental or behavioral health care provider.
                    ``(F) An opioid treatment program.
                    ``(G) A provider of services (as defined in section 
                1861(u) of the Social Security Act) or a supplier (as 
                defined in section 1861(d) of such Act) enrolled in the 
                Medicare program.
                    ``(H) A supplier of durable medical equipment (as 
                defined in section 1861(n) of the Social Security Act).
                    ``(I) Any other entity the Secretary determines 
                appropriate.
            ``(5) Private equity fund.--The term `private equity fund' 
        means--
                    ``(A)(i) a person that would be considered an 
                investment company under section 3 of the Investment 
                Company Act of 1940 but for the application of 
                paragraph (1) or (7) of subsection (c) of such section 
                3;
                    ``(ii) a venture capital fund, as defined in 
                section 275.203(l)-1 of title 17, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or successor regulations); or
                    ``(iii) a sovereign wealth fund; and
                    ``(B) directly, or through an affiliate, acts as a 
                control person.

``SEC. 3402. HEALTH CARE OWNERSHIP TRANSPARENCY.

    ``(a) Required Reporting.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall require each covered 
        firm to submit to the Secretary, at such times as the Secretary 
        determines appropriate, through the infrastructure established 
        under paragraph (2), a report containing--
                    ``(A) for a covered firm with respect to which 
                there is a private equity fund that is a control person 
                of the covered firm, the information described in 
                subsection (b); and
                    ``(B) for a covered firm not described in 
                subparagraph (A), the information described in 
                subsection (c).
            ``(2) Reporting infrastructure.--The Secretary, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Federal 
        Trade Commission, shall establish infrastructure to collect the 
        data submitted under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Public availability.--The Secretary shall make the 
        data submitted under paragraph (1) publicly available.
            ``(4) Auditing.--The Secretary shall periodically conduct 
        audits to verify the data submitted under paragraph (1).
            ``(5) Annual reports.--The Secretary shall submit to 
        Congress annual reports describing trends identified through 
        analysis of the data submitted under paragraph (1) relating 
        to--
                    ``(A) the financial status of covered firms; and
                    ``(B) how the type of ownership of health care 
                entities impacts access to health care, health care 
                quality, and patient safety.
    ``(b) Reports Submitted by Covered Firms Owned by or Affiliated 
With Private Equity.--For purposes of subsection (a), and with respect 
to a covered firm described in subsection (a)(1)(A) and each private 
equity fund that is a control person of the covered firm, the 
information described in this subsection is the following information 
with respect to each year of the previous 10-year period:
            ``(1) The percentage of the equity of the private equity 
        fund contributed by--
                    ``(A) the general partners of the fund; and
                    ``(B) the limited partners of the fund.
            ``(2) The level of debt of the covered firm at the end of 
        the applicable year.
            ``(3) Information on the debt held by the private equity 
        fund, including--
                    ``(A) the dollar amount of total debt;
                    ``(B) the percentage of debt for which the creditor 
                is a financial institution in the United States;
                    ``(C) the percentage of debt for which the creditor 
                is a financial institution outside of the United 
                States;
                    ``(D) the percentage of debt for which the creditor 
                is an entity that is located in the United States and 
                is not a financial institution; and
                    ``(E) the percentage of debt for which the creditor 
                is an entity that is located outside of the United 
                States and is not a financial institution.
            ``(4) The total amount of debt held by the covered firm 
        that is categorized as--
                    ``(A) liabilities;
                    ``(B) long-term liabilities; and
                    ``(C) payment in kind or zero coupon debt.
            ``(5) The average debt-to-equity ratio of--
                    ``(A) each covered firm with respect to the private 
                equity fund; and
                    ``(B) the private equity fund.
            ``(6) The average debt-to-EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, 
        Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) of each covered firm 
        with respect to the private equity fund.
            ``(7) The total number of covered firms with respect to the 
        private equity fund that experienced a default during the 
        applicable year, and the name of any such covered firm.
            ``(8) The total gross asset value of each covered firm with 
        respect to the private equity fund.
            ``(9) The gross performance of the private equity fund 
        during the applicable year.
            ``(10) The total dollar amount of aggregate fees and 
        expenses collected by the private equity fund, the manager of 
        the fund, or related parties from covered firms with respect to 
        the private equity fund, which shall--
                    ``(A) be categorized by the type of fee; and
                    ``(B) include a description of the purpose of the 
                fees.
            ``(11) Any transaction, monitoring, management, 
        performance, or other fees collected by the private equity fund 
        from the covered firm.
            ``(12) In dollars, the total amount of regulatory assets 
        under management by the private equity fund.
            ``(13) In dollars, the total amount of net assets under 
        management by the private equity fund.
            ``(14) With respect to the applicable year, the difference 
        obtained by subtracting the financial gains of the private 
        equity fund by the fees that the general partners of the fund 
        charged to the limited partners of the fund (commonly referred 
        to as the `performance net of fees').
            ``(15) Any management services agreements between the 
        covered firm and the private equity fund, including a 
        disclosure of fees paid through management services agreements.
            ``(16) Any other services procured by the covered firm from 
        the private equity fund or any other company owned by the 
        private equity fund.
            ``(17) Dividends paid by the covered firm to the private 
        equity fund.
            ``(18) The names of--
                    ``(A) the limited partners of the private equity 
                fund;
                    ``(B) the board members of the private equity fund; 
                and
                    ``(C) the leadership of the covered firm.
            ``(19) All political spending by the covered firm, 
        including contributions, lobbying spending, and contributions 
        to groups that do not share their donor list.
            ``(20) All political spending by the private equity fund, 
        an affiliate of the fund, or an investment professional at the 
        fund, with respect to--
                    ``(A) health care related issues; or
                    ``(B) members of congressional committees with 
                oversight of health care.
            ``(21) Information on the extent to which the covered firm 
        entered into any sale lease back transactions with the private 
        equity fund.
            ``(22) Every asset purchased by the covered firm during the 
        applicable year.
            ``(23) Information that is similar to the information 
        required to be contained in a notification filed pursuant to 
        the rules under subsection 7A(d)(1) of the Clayton Act.
            ``(24) Data related to real estate, mortgage, and lease 
        payments.
            ``(25) Interest expenses and payments made by the private 
        equity fund and each covered firm with respect to the private 
        equity fund to comply with tax receivable agreements.
            ``(26) Average interest rate paid on secured and unsecured 
        lines of credit by the private equity fund and each covered 
        firm with respect to the private equity fund.
            ``(27) For the private equity fund and each covered firm 
        with respect to the private equity fund, a list of--
                    ``(A) all transactions with the 10 largest vendors 
                or service providers; and
                    ``(B) any new vendors or service providers.
            ``(28) For the private equity fund and each covered firm 
        with respect to the private equity fund, the number of payments 
        to staffing firms.
            ``(29) For the covered firm, the staffing of each health 
        care provider owned by such covered firm, disaggregated by 
        position and ratio of staff to patients.
            ``(30) For the covered firm, the staff retention rates, 
        number of job postings, and vacancy rates, disaggregated by 
        position, with respect to each health care provider owned by 
        such covered firm.
            ``(31) For a covered firm that owns 1 or more hospitals, 
        the number of beds in use and the capacity of each such 
        hospital.
            ``(32) For the covered firm, the number of health care 
        facilities or providers owned by such covered firm that have 
        closed during such year.
            ``(33) For the covered firm, health care costs charged to 
        patients and public and private health plans.
            ``(34) For the covered firm, the percentage and number of 
        non-patient care areas in health care facilities owned by such 
        covered firm that have been converted into patient care areas.
            ``(35) For the covered firm, reductions in the wages or 
        benefits of health workers employed by health care providers 
        owned by such covered firm.
            ``(36) For the private equity fund and each covered firm 
        with respect to the private equity fund, complaints of, or 
        citations for violations of, State or Federal worker protection 
        laws, including charges of unfair labor practices, complaints 
        of violations of State or Federal antidiscrimination laws, 
        complaints of violations of wage and hour laws, and 
        whistleblower complaints.
            ``(37) For the private equity fund and each covered firm 
        with respect to the private equity fund, disclosure of any 
        agreement or arrangement with a labor relations consultant or 
        other independent contractor or organization for which a report 
        is required to be filed under section 203(a)(4) of the Labor-
        Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959.
            ``(38) Any other information that the Secretary determines 
        relevant for evaluating the impact of private equity ownership 
        of health care entities on the provision of health care, health 
        care quality, and safety.
    ``(c) Information Submitted by Covered Firms Not Owned by Private 
Equity.--For purposes of subsection (a) and with respect to a covered 
firm described in subsection (a)(1)(B), the information described in 
this subsection is the following information with respect to each year 
of the previous 10-year period:
            ``(1) The level of debt of the covered firm at the end of 
        the applicable year.
            ``(2) The total amount of debt held by the covered firm 
        that is categorized as--
                    ``(A) liabilities;
                    ``(B) long-term liabilities; and
                    ``(C) payment in kind or zero coupon debt.
            ``(3) The average debt-to-equity ratio of the covered firm.
            ``(4) The average debt-to-EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, 
        Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) of the covered firm.
            ``(5) Whether the covered firm experienced a default during 
        the applicable year.
            ``(6) The total gross asset value of the covered firm.
            ``(7) Dividends paid by the covered firm.
            ``(8) The names of the leadership of the covered firm.
            ``(9) All political spending by the covered firm, including 
        contributions, lobbying spending, and contributions to groups 
        that do not share their donor list.
            ``(10) Every asset purchased by the covered firm during the 
        applicable year.
            ``(11) Information that is similar to the information 
        required to be included in a notification filed pursuant to the 
        rules under subsection 7A(d)(1) of the Clayton Act.
            ``(12) Data related to real estate, mortgage, and lease 
        payments.
            ``(13) Interest expenses and payments made to comply with 
        tax receivable agreements.
            ``(14) Average interest rate paid on secured and unsecured 
        lines of credit.
            ``(15) A list of--
                    ``(A) all transactions with the 10 largest vendors 
                or service providers; and
                    ``(B) any new vendors or servicer providers.
            ``(16) The number of payments to staffing firms.
            ``(17) The salaries of the executives of the covered firm 
        and each health care entity owned by such covered firm.
            ``(18) The board membership of the covered firm and each 
        health care entity owned by such covered firm.
            ``(19) The staff retention rates, number of job postings, 
        and vacancy rates, disaggregated by position, with respect to 
        each health care provider owned by the covered firm.