This bill mandates the state engineer to conduct a groundwater study in designated control areas at least once every ten years, as specified in the newly created W.S. 41-3-939. The study aims to assess water consumption and determine necessary controls for the recharge of underground water systems. It may involve mapping and drilling test wells, and the state engineer has the discretion to conduct studies in counties without control areas if deemed necessary. The findings from each study must be made public and reported to the joint agriculture, state and public lands and water resources interim committee within fifteen days of completion.

Additionally, the bill appropriates $250,000 from the general fund to the state engineer's office for conducting the initial study, which must be completed by June 30, 2028. This appropriation is specifically designated for the study and cannot be used for any other purpose, with any unspent funds reverting to the state by the end of the fiscal period. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2026.