Senate Bill 128 aims to address the environmental and public health concerns associated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by establishing several new programs and requirements. The bill mandates the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to create a municipal PFAS grant program that provides funding for various testing and remediation efforts related to PFAS contamination in municipal water systems, wastewater treatment facilities, and landfills. It also introduces an innocent landowner grant program to assist individuals or entities that have been affected by PFAS contamination, allowing for grants up to $250,000 with a potential matching fund requirement. Additionally, the bill outlines specific exemptions from existing spills law for eligible grant recipients and sets limitations on DNR's ability to impede construction projects based on PFAS contamination unless certain conditions are met.

Furthermore, the bill requires DNR to enhance its PFAS testing activities, conduct studies on PFAS treatment and disposal methods, and report its progress to the legislature every six months for three years. It also includes provisions for a pilot project on portable water treatment systems for PFAS-contaminated surface water, as well as assistance for laboratories seeking certification to test for PFAS. The bill modifies existing funding programs to prioritize projects addressing PFAS contamination and allows public utilities to undertake emergency projects related to PFAS without prior authorization from the Public Service Commission under specific conditions. Overall, Senate Bill 128 represents a comprehensive approach to managing PFAS contamination and protecting public health and the environment.