2023 - 2024 LEGISLATURE
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2023 SENATE BILL 107
March 1, 2023 - Introduced by Senators L. JOHNSON and CARPENTER, cosponsored
by Representatives MYERS, NOVAK, ANDRACA, CONSIDINE, DRAKE, KITCHENS,
TUSLER, SINICKI, MOORE OMOKUNDE and ORTIZ-VELEZ. Referred to Committee
on Judiciary and Public Safety.
1 AN ACT to amend 346.01 (2); and to create 343.32 (2) (bu), 346.575, 346.60 (6)
2 and 349.107 of the statutes; relating to: the use of automated speed
3 enforcement systems and traffic control photographic systems in a first class
4 city and providing a penalty.
Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau
This bill allows law enforcement agencies in a first class city (presently only
Milwaukee) to use an automated speed enforcement system (ASES) to identify speed
limit violations and allows the leadership of a first class city to enact an ordinance
that permits the use of a traffic control photographic system (TCPS) on highways
under the jurisdiction of the city to identify traffic signal violations.
Under current law, law enforcement officers may not use any radar device
combined with photographic identification of a vehicle to determine compliance with
motor vehicle speed limits. Under this bill, local law enforcement agencies in a first
class city may use an ASES to determine compliance with speed limits. With
exceptions, the vehicle owner is subject to a forfeiture for a speed limit violation
detected by an ASES. However, no traffic citation may be issued for a speed limit
violation for which the ASES indicated a speed of less than 20 miles per hour above
the speed limit alleged to be violated. The owner is subject to the same forfeiture that
would be applicable to the vehicle operator for the violation. The bill also imposes
a number of administrative requirements on a municipality that uses an ASES to
determine compliance with speed limits. The authorization of the use of an ASES
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to determine compliance with speed limits expires five years after this bill takes
effect.
This bill also authorizes the leadership of a first class city to enact an ordinance
that permits the use of a TCPS on highways under the jurisdiction of the city to detect
motor vehicles that fail to properly stop at red traffic signals at intersections. A TCPS
is an electronic system that automatically produces photographs of motor vehicles
traveling through an intersection. With exceptions, the vehicle owner may be subject
to a forfeiture for a traffic signal violation detected by a TCPS of not more than the
amount provided for a traffic signal violation under current law, currently between
$40 to $100. The authorization of the use of a TCPS to detect traffic signal violations
expires five years after this bill takes effect.
Forfeitures collected under either of these authorizations must be appropriated
for use by the agency providing police service in the city that collected the forfeiture.
For further information see the state and local fiscal estimate, which will be
printed as an appendix to this bill.
The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do
enact as follows:
1 SECTION 1. 343.32 (2) (bu) of the statutes is created to read:
2 343.32 (2) (bu) The scale adopted by the secretary may not assess any demerit
3 points for a violation of an ordinance enacted under s. 349.107.
4 SECTION 2. 346.01 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:
5 346.01 (2) In this chapter, notwithstanding s. 340.01 (42), “owner" means, with
6 respect to a vehicle that is registered, or is required to be registered, by a lessee of
7 the vehicle under ch. 341, the lessee of the vehicle for purposes of vehicle owner
8 liability under ss. 346.175, 346.195, 346.205, 346.452, 346.457, 346.465, 346.485,
9 346.505 (3), 346.575, 346.675, and 346.945.
10 SECTION 3. 346.575 of the statutes is created to read:
11 346.575 Owner's liability for speed restriction violations detected by
12 an automated speed enforcement system. (1) In this section, “automated speed
13 enforcement system” or “system” means an electronic device that uses automated
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1 equipment to detect a vehicle's speed and that is designed to obtain a clear visual
2 image of a vehicle's rear license plate.
3 (2) Notwithstanding s. 349.02 (3) (b) and subject to sub. (6), a local law
4 enforcement agency with jurisdiction over traffic violations may use an automated
5 speed enforcement system to determine compliance with a speed restriction
6 established under s. 346.57 or 349.11 on highways under its jurisdiction. Subject to
7 sub. (5) (b), the owner of a vehicle involved in a violation of s. 346.57, or a local
8 ordinance in conformity with s. 346.57, that is determined by a system shall be liable
9 for the violation as provided in this section.
10 (3) If a traffic officer reviews and prepares a uniform traffic citation under s.
11 345.11 for a violation of this section, the officer shall serve the owner of the vehicle
12 with the citation by mailing the citation by certified mail addressed to the owner's
13 last-known address within 5 business days after the violation. A traffic officer shall
14 send with the citation a duplicate of a visual image, taken by the automated speed
15 enforcement system, of the rear license plate of the vehicle involved in the violation,
16 the system's location, and the date and time when the violation occurred. No traffic
17 citation may be issued for a violation under this section for which the system
18 indicated a speed of less than 20 miles per hour above the speed restriction
19 established under s. 346.57 or 349.11.
20 (4) Any forfeiture collected under this section shall be deposited in a separate
21 segregated account from which moneys may be used only for purposes of traffic
22 enforcement and traffic safety programs administered by the local law enforcement
23 agency providing police services in the collecting municipality.
24 (5) (a) Except as provided in par. (b), it is not a defense to a violation of this
25 section that the owner was not operating the vehicle at the time of the violation.
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1 (b) All of the following are defenses to a violation of this section:
2 1. That a report that the vehicle was stolen was made by the owner to a law
3 enforcement agency before the violation occurred or within 7 business days after the
4 violation occurred.
5 2. That the owner of the vehicle provided a traffic officer with the name and
6 address of the person operating the vehicle at the time of the violation and the person
7 so named admits operating the vehicle at the time of the violation. In that case, the
8 person operating the vehicle may be charged with a violation of s. 346.57 or a local
9 ordinance in conformity with s. 346.57.
10 3. That the vehicle is owned by a lessor of vehicles and is registered in the name
11 of the lessor, that at the time of the violation the vehicle was in the possession of a
12 lessee, and that the lessor provided a traffic officer with the information required
13 under s. 343.46 (3). In that case, the lessee may be charged with a violation of s.
14 346.57 or a local ordinance in conformity with s. 346.57.
15 4. That the vehicle is owned by a dealer, as defined in s. 340.01 (11) (intro.), but
16 including the persons specified in s. 340.01 (11) (a) to (d), that at the time of the
17 violation the vehicle was being operated by a person on a trial run, and that the
18 dealer provided a traffic officer with the name, address, and operator's license
19 number of the person operating the vehicle. In that case, the person operating the
20 vehicle may be charged with a violation of s. 346.57 or a local ordinance in conformity
21 with s. 346.57.
22 (6) (a) If a local law enforcement agency uses an automated speed enforcement
23 system, the local law enforcement agency shall do all of the following:
24 1. Clearly identify the presence of a system by signs stating “Photo Enforced,”
25 along with the posted speed limit. The signs shall be visible to traffic traveling on the
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1 highway from the direction of travel for which the system is used, and shall be posted
2 at all locations the department determines are necessary to provide adequate notice
3 of the presence of a system.
4 2. Identify the streets or portions of streets for which the use of a system has
5 been approved and the hours of enforcement on the local law enforcement agency's
6 website. The information under this subdivision shall be updated whenever the local
7 law enforcement agency changes locations that are enforced with a system or hours
8 of enforcement.
9 3. a. Use law enforcement officers or other trained designated employees to
10 oversee the operation of systems and maintain control over all enforcement
11 activities, including the determination of when a citation should be issued.
12 b. Properly train law enforcement officers and other designated employees in
13 the use of a system, including the operation, set-up, and testing of a system deployed
14 by the law enforcement agency, and the enforcement of traffic and speeding laws.
15 c. Retain documentation demonstrating the successful completion of required
16 training by a law enforcement officer or designated employee who oversees the
17 operation of a system and enforcement activities.
18 4. Ensure that the system is regularly inspected and certify that the system is
19 installed and operating properly. Each camera unit shall be calibrated in accordance
20 with the manufacturer's instructions, and, at least once a year, each camera unit
21 shall be calibrated by an independent calibration laboratory. The municipality shall
22 retain documentation of the regular inspection, operation, and calibration of a
23 system until the date on which the system has been permanently removed from use.
24 5. Use a system that provides real-time notification when violations are
25 detected.
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1 (b) Before using an automated speed enforcement system under this section,
2 a law enforcement agency shall do all of the following:
3 1. Administer a public information campaign for at least 30 days before the
4 commencement of use of a system. The campaign shall include public
5 announcements in major media outlets and press releases. The campaign shall
6 include the following information:
7 a. The system use policy under par. (c).
8 b. The system impact report under par. (d).
9 c. The date on which use of systems will begin.
10 d. The highways on which systems will be used.
11 e. The law enforcement agency's website.
12 2. Issue warning notices rather than citations for violations detected by a
13 system during the first 90 days during which a system is used under this section.
14 Whenever a system is first used on a highway, the local law enforcement agency shall
15 issue warning notices rather than citations for violations detected by the systems
16 during the first 90 calendar days of enforcement.
17 (c) A municipality shall prepare and adopt a system use policy before entering
18 into an agreement regarding a system, purchasing or leasing equipment for a
19 system, or implementing this section. The system use policy shall include the specific
20 purpose for the system, the uses that are authorized, the rules and processes
21 required before that use, and the uses that are prohibited. The policy shall specify
22 the information that may be collected by a system, the individuals who may access
23 and use the collected information, and the procedure for accessing and using the
24 information. The policy shall include provisions for protecting data from
25 unauthorized access, data retention, public access, 3rd-party data sharing, training,
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1 auditing, and oversight. The system use policy shall be made available for public
2 review, including by posting it on the local law enforcement agency's website, at least
3 30 calendar days before adoption.
4 (d) A municipality shall prepare and adopt a system impact report and make
5 the report available for public review and comment at least 30 days before approval.
6 The system impact report shall include all of the following:
7 1. A description of the systems to be used and how they work.
8 2. The proposed purpose of a system.
9 3. The locations in which a system may be deployed and traffic data for these
10 locations.
11 4. An assessment of the potential impact of the system on civil liberties and civil
12 rights and any plans to safeguard those public rights.
13 5. The fiscal costs of a system, including establishment costs, ongoing costs, and
14 program funding.
15 (e) A municipality shall develop uniform guidelines for all of the following:
16 1. The screening and issuing of citations under this section.
17 2. The processing and storage of confidential information under this section
18 and procedures to ensure compliance with confidentiality requirements.
19 (f) A contract between a municipality and a manufacturer or supplier of an
20 automated speed enforcement system shall allow the municipality to purchase
21 materials, lease equipment, and contract for processing services from the
22 manufacturer or supplier based on the services rendered on a monthly schedule or
23 another schedule agreed upon by the municipality and contractor. The contract may
24 not include provisions for payment or compensation based on the number of citations
25 issued under this section, or as a percentage of revenue generated, from the use of
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1 the system. The contract shall include a provision that all data collected from a
2 system is confidential, and shall prohibit the manufacturer or supplier of a system
3 from sharing, repurposing, or monetizing collected data. The local law enforcement
4 agency shall oversee and maintain control over all enforcement activities, including
5 the determination of when a citation should be issued.
6 (g) Two years after implementation of an automated speed enforcement
7 program and 5 years after the effective date of this paragraph .... [LRB inserts date],
8 a municipality shall prepare and submit to the standing committees of the
9 legislature with jurisdiction over transportation matters a system report that
10 includes all of the following information:
11 1. A description of how systems were used.
12 2. Whether and how often system data was shared with outside entities, the
13 name of any recipient entity, the type of data disclosed, and the legal reason for the
14 disclosure.
15 3. A summary of any community complaints or concerns about the use of
16 systems.
17 4. Results of any internal audits, information about any violations of the
18 system use policy, and any actions taken in response.
19 5. Information regarding the impact that the use of systems has had on the
20 highways where the systems were deployed.
21 6. A summary of any public records requests related to systems.
22 (h) Not later than March 1 of the 5th year beginning after the effective date of
23 this paragraph .... [LRB inserts date], a municipality shall prepare and submit to the
24 standing committees of the legislature with jurisdiction over transportation matters
25 an evaluation of the use of automated speed enforcement systems in its jurisdiction,
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1 including an assessment of the system's impact on highway safety and the system's
2 economic impact on the communities where the system is used. The report shall be
3 made