2023 - 2024 LEGISLATURE
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2023 ASSEMBLY BILL 52
February 20, 2023 - Introduced by Representatives SPIROS, ALLEN, ARMSTRONG,
BEHNKE, BRANDTJEN, BROOKS, DONOVAN, DUCHOW, EDMING, GREEN, GUNDRUM,
KNODL, KRUG, MICHALSKI, MOSES, NOVAK, O'CONNOR, ORTIZ-VELEZ,
PENTERMAN, RETTINGER, ROZAR, SNYDER and STEFFEN, cosponsored by Senators
JAMES, BALLWEG, BRADLEY, FEYEN, MARKLEIN, NASS, STROEBEL, TESTIN,
TOMCZYK and WANGGAARD. Referred to Committee on Judiciary.
1 AN ACT to renumber 943.23 (1r); to renumber and amend 943.23 (1g); to
2 amend 48.685 (5) (bm) 3., 48.686 (1) (c) 9., 103.34 (1) (b) 3., 165.84 (7) (ab) 1.,
3 301.048 (2) (bm) 1. a., 301.26 (4) (cm) 1., 302.11 (1g) (a) 2., 753.061 (2m), 938.208
4 (1) (a), 938.34 (4h) (a), 938.34 (4m) (b) 1., 938.78 (3), 939.619 (1), 939.62 (2m)
5 (a) 2m. b., 939.632 (1) (e) 1., 940.03, 941.29 (1g) (a), 941.291 (1) (b), 943.23 (4m),
6 946.82 (4), 949.03 (2), 969.08 (10) (b), 973.0135 (1) (b) 2., 973.123 (1) and 978.13
7 (1) (c); and to create 939.22 (21) (qm), 941.38 (1) (b) 17m. and 943.231 (title)
8 and (3) of the statutes; relating to: reorganizing the crimes commonly known
9 as “carjacking” and providing a penalty.
Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau
Under current law, it is a Class C felony to intentionally take a vehicle without
the consent of the owner if the person possesses a weapon and uses or threatens to
use force or the weapon. It is a Class E felony to intentionally take a vehicle without
the consent of the owner if the person uses or threatens to use force. These crimes
are commonly known as “carjacking.” The statutes do not currently use this term,
and these crimes are organized under the statutory section titled “Operating vehicle
without owner's consent.” This bill reorganizes the carjacking crimes under their
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52
own statutory section titled “Carjacking” and changes the statutory references to the
carjacking statutes so as to maintain current law.
This bill also increases the penalty for carjacking from a Class C felony to a
Class B felony if the person possesses a weapon and uses or threatens to use force
or the weapon. The penalty for a Class C felony is a fine that is not more than
$100,000 or imprisonment for not more than 40 years, or both. The penalty for a
Class B felony is imprisonment for not more than 60 years.
Because this bill creates a new crime or revises a penalty for an existing crime,
the Joint Review Committee on Criminal Penalties may be requested to prepare a
report.
The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do
enact as follows:
1 SECTION 1. 48.685 (5) (bm) 3. of the statutes is amended to read:
2 48.685 (5) (bm) 3. A violation of s. 943.23 (1m) or (1r), 1999 stats., or of s. 940.01,
3 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.21, 940.225 (1), (2) or (3), 940.23, 940.305, 940.31,
4 941.20 (2) or (3), 941.21, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), or 943.32 (2).
5 SECTION 2. 48.686 (1) (c) 9. of the statutes is amended to read:
6 48.686 (1) (c) 9. A violation of s. 125.075 (1), 125.085 (3) (a) 2., 125.105 (2) (b),
7 125.66 (3), 125.68 (12), 940.09, 940.19 (2), (4), (5), or (6), 940.20, 940.203, 940.204,
8 940.205, 940.207, 940.25, or 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), a violation of s. 346.63 (1), (2),
9 (5), or (6) that is a felony under s. 346.65 (2) (am) 4., 5., 6., or 7. or (f), (2j) (d), or (3m),
10 or an offense under ch. 961 that is a felony.
11 SECTION 3. 103.34 (1) (b) 3. of the statutes is amended to read:
12 103.34 (1) (b) 3. A violation of s. 943.20, 943.201, 943.203, 943.21, 943.23,
13 943.231, 943.24 (2), 943.34, 943.50, 943.61, 943.62, or 943.70 or of a substantially
14 similar federal law or law of another state, if the value of the property
15 misappropriated is $2,500 or more.
16 SECTION 4. 165.84 (7) (ab) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 4
1 165.84 (7) (ab) 1. A felony violation of s. 940.01, 940.05, 940.198 (2), 940.21,
2 940.225 (1), (2), or (3), 940.235, 940.30, 940.302 (2), 940.305, 940.31, 940.32 (2), (2e),
3 or (2m), 940.43, 940.45, 941.20, 941.21, 941.327, 943.02, 943.06, 943.10, 943.23 (1g)
4 or (2), 943.231 (1), 943.32, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03 (2) (a) or (c) or (5) (a) 1.,
5 2., 3., or 4., 948.05, 948.051, 948.055, 948.07, 948.08, 948.085, 948.095, or 948.30 (2).
6 SECTION 5. 301.048 (2) (bm) 1. a. of the statutes is amended to read:
7 301.048 (2) (bm) 1. a. A crime specified in s. 940.19 (3), 1999 stats., s. 940.195
8 (3), 1999 stats., s. 943.23 (1m), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23
9 (1g), 2021 stats., or s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10,
10 940.19 (4) or (5), 940.195 (4) or (5), 940.198 (2), 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.204,
11 940.21, 940.225 (1) to (3), 940.23, 940.235, 940.285 (2) (a) 1. or 2., 940.29, 940.295 (3)
12 (b) 1g., 1m., 1r., 2., or 3., 940.31, 940.43 (1) to (3), 940.45 (1) to (3), 941.20 (2) or (3),
13 941.26, 941.30, 941.327, 943.01 (2) (c), 943.011, 943.013, 943.02, 943.04, 943.06,
14 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.30, 943.32, 946.43, 947.015, 948.02 (1) or (2),
15 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05, 948.051, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08, 948.085, or 948.30.
16 SECTION 6. 301.26 (4) (cm) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:
17 301.26 (4) (cm) 1. Notwithstanding pars. (a), (b), and (bm), the department
18 shall transfer funds from the appropriation under s. 20.410 (3) (cg) to the
19 appropriations under s. 20.410 (3) (hm), (ho), and (hr) for the purpose of reimbursing
20 juvenile correctional facilities, secured residential care centers for children and
21 youth, alternate care providers, and community supervision providers for costs
22 incurred beginning on July 1, 1996, for the care of any juvenile 14 years of age or over
23 who has been placed in a juvenile correctional facility based on a delinquent act that
24 is a violation of s. 943.23 (1m) or (1r), 1999 stats., s. 948.35, 1999 stats., or s. 948.36,
25 1999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1g), 2021 stats., or s. 939.32 (1) (a), 940.03, 940.06, 940.21,
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 6
1 940.225 (1), 940.305, 940.31, 941.327 (2) (b) 4., 943.02, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231
2 (1), 943.32 (2), 948.02 (1), 948.025 (1), or 948.30 (2), that is a conspiracy to commit
3 any of those violations, or that is an attempted violation of s. 943.32 (2) and for the
4 care of any juvenile 10 years of age or over who has been placed in a juvenile
5 correctional facility or secured residential care center for children and youth for
6 attempting or committing a violation of s. 940.01 or for committing a violation of s.
7 940.02 or 940.05.
8 SECTION 7. 302.11 (1g) (a) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:
9 302.11 (1g) (a) 2. Any felony under s. 940.09 (1), 1999 stats., s. 943.23 (1m),
10 1999 stats., s. 948.35 (1) (b) or (c), 1999 stats., or s. 948.36, 1999 stats., or s. 943.23
11 (1g), 2021 stats., or s. 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.09 (1c), 940.19 (5), 940.195 (5),
12 940.198 (2), 940.21, 940.225 (1) or (2), 940.305 (2), 940.31 (1) or (2) (b), 943.02, 943.10
13 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 946.43 (1m), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03
14 (2) (a) or (c) or (5) (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4., 948.05, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08, or 948.30 (2).
15 SECTION 8. 753.061 (2m) of the statutes is amended to read:
16 753.061 (2m) The chief judge of the 1st judicial administrative district is
17 authorized to designate 4 circuit court branches to primarily handle violent crime
18 cases that involve a violation of s. 939.63, if a felony is committed while armed, and
19 of ss. 940.01 to 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.225, 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), and 943.32
20 (2). If the circuit court branches are designated under this subsection, 2 shall begin
21 to primarily handle violent crime cases on September 1, 1991, and 2 shall begin to
22 primarily handle violent crime cases on August 1, 1992.
23 SECTION 9. 938.208 (1) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:
24 938.208 (1) (a) Probable cause exists to believe that the juvenile has committed
25 a delinquent act that would be a felony under s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05,
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 9
1 940.19 (2) to (6), 940.198, 940.21, 940.225 (1), 940.31, 941.20 (3), 943.02 (1), 943.23
2 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 947.013 (1t), (1v), or (1x), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025,
3 948.03, or 948.085 (2), if committed by an adult.
4 SECTION 10. 938.34 (4h) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:
5 938.34 (4h) (a) The juvenile is 14 years of age or over and has been adjudicated
6 delinquent for committing or conspiring to commit a violation of s. 939.32 (1) (a),
7 940.03, 940.06, 940.21, 940.225 (1), 940.305, 940.31, 941.327 (2) (b) 4., 943.02, 943.10
8 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 948.02 (1), 948.025 (1), or 948.30 (2) or
9 attempting a violation of s. 943.32 (2) or the juvenile is 10 years of age or over and
10 has been adjudicated delinquent for attempting or committing a violation of s. 940.01
11 or for committing a violation of s. 940.02 or 940.05.
12 SECTION 11. 938.34 (4m) (b) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:
13 938.34 (4m) (b) 1. The juvenile has committed a delinquent act that would be
14 a felony under s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.19 (2) to (6), 940.198, 940.21,
15 940.225 (1), 940.31, 941.20 (3), 943.02 (1), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 947.013
16 (1t), (1v), or (1x), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, or 948.085 (2) if committed by an
17 adult.
18 SECTION 12. 938.78 (3) of the statutes is amended to read:
19 938.78 (3) RELEASE OF INFORMATION WHEN ESCAPE OR ABSENCE; RULES. If a juvenile
20 adjudged delinquent under s. 48.12, 1993 stats., or s. 938.12 or found to be in need
21 of protection or services under s. 48.13 (12) or (14), 1993 stats., or s. 938.13 (12) or
22 (14) on the basis of a violation of s. 943.23 (1m) or (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1g),
23 2021 stats., or s. 941.10, 941.11, 941.20, 941.21, 941.23, 941.231, 941.235, 941.237,
24 941.26, 941.28, 941.295, 941.298, 941.30, 941.31, 941.32, 941.325, 943.02, 943.03,
25 943.04, 943.10 (2) (a), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 948.02, 948.025, 948.03,
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 12
1 948.05, 948.055, 948.085 (2), 948.60, 948.605, or 948.61 or any crime specified in ch.
2 940 has escaped from a juvenile correctional facility, residential care center for
3 children and youth, secured residential care center for children and youth, inpatient
4 facility, as defined in s. 51.01 (10), juvenile detention facility, or juvenile portion of
5 a county jail, or from the custody of a peace officer or a guard of such a facility, center,
6 or jail, or has been allowed to leave a juvenile correctional facility, residential care
7 center for children and youth, secured residential care center for children and youth,
8 inpatient facility, juvenile detention facility, or juvenile portion of a county jail for a
9 specified time period and is absent from the facility, center, home, or jail for more
10 than 12 hours after the expiration of the specified period, the department of
11 corrections or county department, whichever has supervision over the juvenile, may
12 release the juvenile's name and any information about the juvenile that is necessary
13 for the protection of the public or to secure the juvenile's return to the facility, center,
14 home, or jail. The department of corrections shall promulgate rules establishing
15 guidelines for the release of the juvenile's name or information about the juvenile to
16 the public.
17 SECTION 13. 939.22 (21) (qm) of the statutes is created to read:
18 939.22 (21) (qm) Carjacking, as prohibited in s. 943.231.
19 SECTION 14. 939.619 (1) of the statutes is amended to read:
20 939.619 (1) In this section, “serious violent crime" means a violation of s.
21 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.09, 940.19 (5), 940.21, 940.305, 940.31, 941.327
22 (2) (b) 2., 3., or 4., 943.02, 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2), 943.87, 948.03 (2) (a)
23 or (5), 948.051, or 948.30 (2).
24 SECTION 15. 939.62 (2m) (a) 2m. b. of the statutes is amended to read:
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 15
1 939.62 (2m) (a) 2m. b. Any felony under s. 940.09 (1), 1999 stats., s. 943.23 (1m)
2 or (1r), 1999 stats., s. 948.35 (1) (b) or (c), 1999 stats., or s. 948.36, 1999 stats., or s.
3 943.23 (1g), 2021 stats., or s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.09 (1c), 940.16,
4 940.19 (5), 940.195 (5), 940.198 (2) (a) or (c), 940.21, 940.225 (1) or (2), 940.305,
5 940.31, 941.327 (2) (b) 4., 943.02, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32 (2),
6 946.43 (1m), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03 (2) (a) or (c) or (5) (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4.,
7 948.05, 948.06, 948.07, 948.075, 948.08, 948.081, 948.085, or 948.30 (2).
8 SECTION 16. 939.632 (1) (e) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:
9 939.632 (1) (e) 1. Any felony under s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.09
10 (1c), 940.19 (2), (4) or (5), 940.198 (2) (a) or (c), 940.21, 940.225 (1), (2) or (3), 940.235,
11 940.305, 940.31, 941.20, 941.21, 943.02, 943.06, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1),
12 943.32 (2), 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03 (2) (a) or (c) or (5) (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4., 948.05,
13 948.051, 948.055, 948.07, 948.08, 948.085, or 948.30 (2) or under s. 940.302 (2) if s.
14 940.302 (2) (a) 1. b. applies.
15 SECTION 17. 940.03 of the statutes is amended to read:
16 940.03 Felony murder. Whoever causes the death of another human being
17 while committing or attempting to commit a crime specified in s. 940.19, 940.195,
18 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.204, 940.225 (1) or (2) (a), 940.30, 940.31, 943.02,
19 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), or 943.32 (2) may be imprisoned for not more than
20 15 years in excess of the maximum term of imprisonment provided by law for that
21 crime or attempt.
22 SECTION 18. 941.29 (1g) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:
23 941.29 (1g) (a) “Violent felony" means any felony under s. 943.23 (1m), 1999
24 stats., or s. 943.23 (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1g), 2021 stats., this section, or s.
25 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10, 940.19, 940.195,
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ASSEMBLY BILL 52 SECTION 18
1 940.198, 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.204, 940.21, 940.225, 940.23, 940.235,
2 940.285 (2), 940.29, 940.295 (3), 940.30, 940.302, 940.305, 940.31, 940.43 (1) to (3),
3 940.45 (1) to (3), 941.20, 941.26, 941.28, 941.2905, 941.292, 941.30, 941.327 (2) (b)
4 3. or 4., 943.02, 943.04, 943.06, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32, 943.87,
5 946.43, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05, 948.051, 948.06, 948.07,
6 948.08, 948.085, or 948.30.
7 SECTION 19. 941.291 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:
8 941.291 (1) (b) “Violent felony" means any felony, or the solicitation, conspiracy,
9 or attempt to commit any felony, under s. 943.23 (1m) or (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23
10 (1g), 2021 stats., or s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10,
11 940.19, 940.195, 940.198, 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.204, 940.21, 940.225,
12 940.23, 940.285 (2), 940.29, 940.295 (3), 940.30, 940.305, 940.31, 940.43 (1) to (3),
13 940.45 (1) to (3), 941.20, 941.26, 941.28, 941.29, 941.30, 941.327, 943.01 (2) (c),
14 943.011, 943.013, 943.02, 943.04, 943.06, 943.10 (2), 943.23 (1g) 943.231 (1), 943.32,
15 943.81, 943.82, 943.83, 943.85, 943.86, 943.87, 943.88, 943.89, 943.90, 946.43,
16 947.015, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08,
17 948.085, or 948.30; or, if the victim is a financial institution, as defined in s. 943.80
18 (2), a felony, or the solicitation, conspiracy, or attempt to commit a felony under s.
19 943.84 (1) or (2).
20 SECTION 20. 941.38 (1) (b) 17m. of the statutes is created to read:
21 941.38 (1) (b) 17m. Carjacking, as prohibited in s. 943.231.
22 SECTION 21. 943.23 (1g) of the s