The proposed bill aims to reduce the environmental impacts associated with the operation of ocean-going vessels by mandating the use of low-sulfur fuels when these vessels approach Washington shores. It introduces a new chapter in Title 70A RCW, which includes definitions for terms such as "ocean-going vessel," "marine diesel oil," and "regulated waters." Starting January 1, 2028, vessels operating in regulated waters must not exceed a maximum sulfur content of 0.1 percent in their fuel. The bill also outlines record-keeping requirements for vessel operators to ensure compliance with these fuel standards and establishes penalties for violations, including a civil penalty of $10,000 per day for each infraction.

Additionally, the bill allows for the possibility of noncompliance fees for certain circumstances where compliance is beyond the operator's control, such as inadequate fuel supply or the need for vessel modifications. The Department of Ecology is tasked with implementing the bill's provisions, including the establishment of fees to cover the costs of enforcement. The bill also creates the Vessel Sulfur Pollution Account to manage the funds collected from noncompliance fees, which can only be used for specific environmental initiatives. Overall, the legislation is designed to protect public health and the environment by regulating emissions from ocean-going vessels operating near Washington's shores.