The bill H.583 introduces Chapter 233 to Vermont's laws, focusing on clinical decision-making in health care. It defines key terms such as "health care facility," "health care provider," and "private equity group," and aims to ensure that clinical decision-making is exclusively managed by licensed health care providers. The bill prohibits private equity groups and hedge funds from influencing clinical judgments, hiring or firing staff based on clinical competency, and setting clinical standards or pricing for services. Additionally, it requires health care facilities and management services organizations to report their ownership and control structures to the Green Mountain Care Board by July 1, 2026, particularly if private equity groups or hedge funds are involved.

To enhance transparency, the bill establishes civil penalties for non-compliance with reporting requirements, with fines up to $25,000 for misrepresentations. The Attorney General is empowered to enforce these penalties in Superior Court. Furthermore, the Green Mountain Care Board is tasked with publishing a biennial report starting February 1, 2027, detailing ownership and control information of health care entities, while ensuring the confidentiality of individual taxpayer IDs that are also Social Security numbers. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2026, and allows for information sharing among state agencies to improve oversight.