The bill H.579, introduced by Representative Sheldon of Middlebury, aims to regulate the discharge of alum into Vermont's waters by requiring individuals to obtain a permit from the Secretary of Natural Resources before proceeding with such actions. The bill highlights the issue of persistent cyanobacteria blooms in Vermont lakes and ponds, which can impair recreation and pose health risks. It emphasizes that while alum can temporarily mitigate these blooms by binding phosphorus, it can also harm aquatic life and is only effective if phosphorus sources are significantly reduced prior to treatment.

To ensure responsible alum application, the bill mandates the Secretary to establish permit criteria by December 1, 2026. These criteria will require applicants to demonstrate direct injury from water quality loss, explore alternative solutions, notify the public, and ensure phosphorus loading is controlled. Additionally, the bill stipulates that the Secretary cannot issue a permit until the necessary rulemaking is completed. The act is set to take effect upon passage.