Bill S.100 seeks to strengthen the regulatory framework for concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in Vermont by enhancing the authority of the Secretary of Natural Resources in managing water quality standards. Key amendments include a revised definition of "discharge" to include both wastes and pollutants, along with the introduction of terms such as "continuous discharge," "daily discharge," and "pollutant." The bill establishes a new subchapter dedicated to CAFOs, detailing the Secretary's responsibilities in administering a Vermont pollutant discharge elimination system (VPDES) program in alignment with federal regulations. It also requires medium and large farm operations to maintain documentation of nutrient management plans, while small farms must document soil testing and nutrient management practices.

Furthermore, the bill emphasizes stakeholder engagement by mandating public notice and informational hearings to gather input from the agricultural community on CAFO program implementation. The Secretary is tasked with filing a report by January 15, 2026, to summarize stakeholder feedback and assess the current regulatory structure. Specific requirements for CAFO permits are outlined, including the necessity for nutrient management plans and a timeline for permit issuance. The bill clarifies that certain agricultural practices and stormwater runoff from compliant operations will not require permits if they meet federal Clean Water Act standards. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2025, highlighting the need for collaboration between the Agency of Natural Resources and the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets to ensure effective water quality regulation.

Statutes affected:
As Introduced: 10-1251, 10-1259, 10-1263, 10-1264(d), 10-1264