The bill S.100 aims to strengthen the regulation and enforcement of water quality standards for concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in Vermont. It clarifies the authority of the Secretary of Natural Resources to regulate pollutant discharges from CAFOs and introduces key definitions such as "pollutant," "continuous discharge," and "daily discharge." The bill modifies existing definitions, including expanding the term "discharge" to encompass "pollutants" and redefining "waters" to include both artificial and natural bodies of water. A new subchapter is established specifically for CAFOs, detailing the Secretary's powers, including the implementation of a Vermont pollutant discharge elimination system (VPDES) program in line with federal regulations.

Furthermore, the bill mandates a comprehensive rulemaking process that involves public notice and informational hearings to gather input from stakeholders, particularly the agricultural community. The Secretary of Natural Resources is required to submit a report by January 15, 2026, summarizing stakeholder feedback and evaluating the current regulatory framework for agricultural water quality. It also emphasizes the necessity for nutrient management plans for all CAFOs, which will be included in the permits for public comment. Additionally, the bill amends existing laws regarding discharge permits, specifying that certain agricultural practices and compliant stormwater runoff will not require a permit, while granting the Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets oversight of the state agricultural nonpoint source pollution control program. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2025.

Statutes affected:
As Introduced: 10-1251, 10-1259, 10-1263, 10-1264(d), 10-1264