The bill S.100 aims to strengthen the regulation and enforcement of water quality standards for concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in Vermont. It clarifies the authority of the Secretary of Natural Resources to regulate pollutant discharges from these operations and introduces key definitions, such as "discharge" and "pollutant." A new subchapter is established specifically for CAFOs, detailing requirements for large, medium, and small operations. The Secretary is empowered to implement a Vermont pollutant discharge elimination system (VPDES) CAFO program in line with federal regulations, and the bill mandates that medium and large farms maintain nutrient management plans, while small farms must document soil testing and nutrient practices.

The bill also emphasizes public engagement in the rulemaking process by requiring a community stakeholder group to provide input on proposed CAFO rules. It mandates a comprehensive rulemaking process, including public notice and hearings, and requires the Secretary to report on stakeholder feedback and the adequacy of current regulations by January 15, 2026. Additionally, it modifies existing legal language regarding discharge permits, clarifying that certain agricultural practices and compliant stormwater runoff will not require permits. The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets is tasked with overseeing nonpoint source pollution control programs, ensuring inter-agency cooperation. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2025, aiming to enhance water quality protection while considering agricultural needs.

Statutes affected:
As Introduced: 10-1251, 10-1259, 10-1263, 10-1264(d), 10-1264