The bill S.100 seeks to strengthen the regulatory framework for concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in Vermont, particularly regarding the management and enforcement of water quality permits by the Secretary of Natural Resources. Key amendments include a revised definition of "discharge" to include both wastes and pollutants, as well as the introduction of terms such as "continuous discharge," "daily discharge," and "pollutant." The bill also clarifies the definition of "waters" to encompass both artificial and natural bodies of water and establishes a new subchapter dedicated to CAFOs, detailing definitions and requirements for agricultural waste management.

Furthermore, the bill empowers the Secretary of Natural Resources to implement a Vermont pollutant discharge elimination system (VPDES) CAFO program in alignment with federal regulations and allows for the designation of animal feeding operations (AFOs) as CAFOs based on their discharge impact. It mandates that medium and large farm operations maintain documentation of nutrient management plans and practices, while also creating a community stakeholder group to involve agricultural stakeholders in the rulemaking process. The bill emphasizes the importance of public engagement, requiring a report by January 15, 2026, to assess stakeholder feedback and the adequacy of the current regulatory structure. It also clarifies that certain agricultural practices and compliant stormwater runoff will not require a permit, provided they meet federal Clean Water Act standards, and establishes a collaborative framework between relevant agencies for effective regulation and enforcement. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2025.

Statutes affected:
As Introduced: 10-1251, 10-1259, 10-1263, 10-1264(d), 10-1264