Bill H.136 proposes to mandate health insurance and Medicaid coverage for biomarker testing in Vermont. The bill introduces new sections to the Vermont Statutes, specifically 8 V.S.A. 4088n and 33 V.S.A. 1901n, which define biomarker testing and outline the conditions under which coverage must be provided. Biomarker testing is defined as the analysis of a patient's tissue, blood, or other biospecimens to identify biomarkers that indicate biological processes or responses to treatments. Coverage is required when the testing is supported by medical evidence, including FDA approvals, indications for FDA-approved drugs, and nationally recognized clinical practice guidelines.

Additionally, the bill stipulates that the coverage must be provided in a way that minimizes disruptions in patient care, such as avoiding the need for multiple biopsies. The Agency of Human Services is tasked with requesting any necessary amendments to Vermont's Medicaid state plan to ensure compliance with the new coverage requirements. The effective date for health insurance plans is set for January 1, 2026, while Medicaid coverage will take effect either on that date or upon approval of the state plan amendment, whichever is later.