Bill H.136 aims to mandate health insurance and Medicaid coverage for biomarker testing in Vermont. The bill introduces new sections to the Vermont Statutes, specifically 8 V.S.A. 4088n and 33 V.S.A. 1901n, which define biomarker testing and outline the conditions under which coverage must be provided. Biomarker testing is described as the analysis of a patient's tissue, blood, or other biospecimens to identify biomarkers that indicate biological processes or responses to treatments. Coverage is required when tests are supported by medical evidence, including FDA approvals, indications for FDA-approved drugs, and nationally recognized clinical practice guidelines.

The bill also stipulates that the Agency of Human Services must seek approval from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to amend Vermont's Medicaid state plan if necessary. The effective date for health insurance coverage is set for January 1, 2026, while Medicaid coverage will take effect either on the same date or upon CMS approval of the state plan amendment. The legislation emphasizes the importance of minimizing disruptions in patient care, such as the need for multiple biopsies or biospecimen samples, ensuring that patients receive timely and effective diagnostic and treatment options.