[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 5354 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 5354

    To reauthorize the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-
                       Determination Act of 1996.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             August 6, 2026

  Ms. Murkowski (for herself, Mr. Schatz, Mr. Daines, Mr. Lujan, Mr. 
  Sullivan, Ms. Hirono, and Mr. Crapo) introduced the following bill; 
  which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To reauthorize the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-
                       Determination Act of 1996.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Native American 
Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Modernization Act of 2026''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Consolidation of environmental review requirements.
Sec. 4. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 5. Eligible families.
Sec. 6. Student housing assistance.
Sec. 7. Clarification of application of rent rule to units owned or 
                            operated by Indian tribe or tribally 
                            designated housing entity.
Sec. 8. Procurement policies.
Sec. 9. Total development cost maximum cost.
Sec. 10. Homeownership or lease-to-own low-income requirement and 
                            income targeting.
Sec. 11. Lease requirements and tenant selection.
Sec. 12. Housing counseling certification exemption.
Sec. 13. Statutory authority to suspend grant funds in emergencies.
Sec. 14. Streamlining reporting requirements.
Sec. 15. Reports to Congress.
Sec. 16. 99-year leasehold interest in trust or restricted lands for 
                            housing purposes.
Sec. 17. Innovative readiness training program coordination.
Sec. 18. Amendments for block grants for affordable housing activities.
Sec. 19. Reauthorization of housing assistance for Native Hawaiians.
Sec. 20. Community-based development organizations and special 
                            activities by Indian tribes.
Sec. 21. Eligibility for housing counseling grants.
Sec. 22. Section 184 Indian Home Loan Guarantee program.
Sec. 23. Loan guarantees for Native Hawaiian housing.
Sec. 24. Rental assistance for homeless or at-risk Indian veterans.
Sec. 25. Continuum of care.
Sec. 26. Program for housing assistance for homeless American Indians 
                            and Alaska Natives.
Sec. 27. Program for housing assistance for homeless Native Hawaiians.
Sec. 28. Tribal Continuum of Care Participation Grant Program.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Department of hawaiian home lands.--The term 
        ``Department of Hawaiian Home Lands'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 801 of the Native American Housing Assistance 
        and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4221).
            (2) Domestic violence.--The term ``domestic violence'' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 40002(a) of the Violence 
        Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291(a)).
            (3) Federally recognized tribe; indian area; indian tribe; 
        tribally designated housing entity.--The terms ``Federally 
        recognized tribe'', ``Indian area'', ``Indian tribe'', and 
        ``tribally designated housing entity'' have the meanings given 
        those terms in section 4 of the Native American Housing 
        Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103).
            (4) Hawaiian home lands.--The term ``Hawaiian Home Lands'' 
        means lands that--
                    (A) have the status as Hawaiian home lands under 
                section 204 of the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 1920 
                (42 Stat. 110); or
                    (B) are acquired pursuant to that Act.
            (5) Homeless youth.--The term ``homeless youth'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 387 of the Runaway and 
        Homeless Youth Act (34 U.S.C. 11279).
            (6) Native hawaiian.--The term ``Native Hawaiian'' means 
        any individual who is--
                    (A) a citizen of the United States; and
                    (B) a descendant of the aboriginal people, who, 
                prior to 1778, occupied and exercised sovereignty in 
                the area that currently constitutes the State of 
                Hawaii, as evidenced by--
                            (i) genealogical records;
                            (ii) verification by kupuna (elders) or 
                        kama'aina (long-term community residents); or
                            (iii) birth records of the State of Hawaii.
            (7) Native hawaiian organization; native hawaiian 
        community-based organization.--The terms ``Native Hawaiian 
        organization'' and ``Native Hawaiian community-based 
        organization'' have the meanings given those terms in section 
        6207 of the Native Hawaiian Education Act (20 U.S.C. 7517).
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Housing and Urban Development.
            (9) Tribal organization.--The term ``tribal organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).

SEC. 3. CONSOLIDATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW REQUIREMENTS.

    Section 105 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-
Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4115) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2), by inserting ``, or a tribally 
        designated housing entity official designated by the tribe,'' 
        after ``tribe'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively, and 
                adjusting the margins accordingly;
                    (B) by striking ``The Secretary may'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Timeline.--The Secretary shall act upon a waiver 
        request submitted under this subsection not later than 60 days 
        after receiving the request.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end of the following:
    ``(e) Consolidation of Environmental Review Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--With respect to a project carried out 
        using amounts provided under this Act, including under title 
        VIII of this Act or carried out by an Indian tribe, or under a 
        grant made to an Indian tribe under title I of the Housing and 
        Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), the 
        Indian tribe, recipient, or the Director of the Department of 
        Hawaiian Homelands, as applicable, shall be deemed to be in 
        compliance with the environmental review requirements under 
        this section or section 806 of this Act, under title I of the 
        Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 
        et seq.), and under the National Environmental Policy Act of 
        1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), and the Indian tribe or the 
        Director of the Department of Hawaiian Homelands, as 
        applicable, shall be discharged from any applicable 
        environmental review requirements that may apply to Federal 
        agencies with respect to the use of additional Federal funding 
        sources for that project, if--
                    ``(A) a recipient is using 1 or more sources of 
                Federal funds in addition to assistance provided under 
                this Act or under title I of the Housing and Community 
                Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.);
                    ``(B) the sum of the other sources of Federal funds 
                described in subparagraph (A) do not exceed 49 percent 
                of the Federal share of the project cost; and
                    ``(C) the recipient's Indian tribe or the Director 
                of the Department of Hawaiian Homelands, as applicable, 
                has assumed all of the responsibilities for 
                environmental review, decision making, and action 
                pursuant to this section, section 806 of this Act, or 
                title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 
                1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), as applicable.
            ``(2) Effect.--Upon completion of an environmental review 
        for a project described in paragraph (1) in accordance with 
        procedures established by the Secretary, as applicable, no 
        other Federal agency providing additional Federal funds for the 
        project shall be required to conduct a separate or supplemental 
        environmental review for purposes of compliance with the 
        National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
        seq.) or any other provision of Federal law described in 
        paragraph (1), except to the extent that the project is 
        materially changed in a manner that was not analyzed in the 
        consolidated review.
    ``(f) Environmental Streamlining.--With respect to a project 
carried using amounts provided under this Act, including under title 
VIII of this Act or grants made to an Indian tribe under title I of the 
Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), 
each of the following applies:
            ``(1) General exemption.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law, the following activities are exempt from any 
        environmental review requirements:
                    ``(A) An activity for which a similar statutory 
                exemption applies to comparable activities carried out 
                by another Federal agency.
                    ``(B) An affordable housing activity with a total 
                development cost of not more than $250,000.
                    ``(C) An activity consisting solely of the 
                acquisition of real property or long-term equipment 
                using non-Federal funds.
                    ``(D) An activity consisting of the rehabilitation 
                of an existing structure, if--
                            ``(i) the cost of such rehabilitation is 
                        less than 50 percent of the market value of the 
                        structure before rehabilitation; and
                            ``(ii) the rehabilitation does not involve 
                        ground disturbance, an expansion or change in 
                        the footprint of the structure, or any work 
                        affecting a structure that is listed on the 
                        National Register of Historic Places.
            ``(2) Determination by tribe.--An Indian tribe that has 
        assumed responsibility for environmental review, decision 
        making, and action pursuant to procedures established by the 
        Secretary pursuant to subsection (e)(1)(C) shall make and 
        document any determination that an activity qualifies for an 
        exemption under this subsection, and such determination shall 
        be deemed sufficient for purposes of compliance by any other 
        Federal agency providing financial assistance for the activity.
            ``(3) Radon.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of law, the Secretary may not require 
                recipients, including the Director of the Department of 
                Hawaiian Home Lands, and Indian tribes to consider or 
                test for radon as part of the environmental review for 
                the project.
                    ``(B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in 
                subparagraph (A) shall be construed to limit the 
                authority of a recipient or Indian tribe to consider, 
                test for, or mitigate radon.
            ``(4) Lead testing.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Remote area.--The term `remote area' 
                        means an area with a United States Postal 
                        Service ZIP Code that has a level 1 Frontier 
                        and Remote Area code, as most recently posted 
                        on the website of the Department of 
                        Agriculture.
                            ``(ii) Target housing.--The term `target 
                        housing' means target housing, as defined in 
                        section 1004 of the Residential Lead-Based 
                        Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
                        4851b), that is assisted under this Act.
                    ``(B) Testing.--Lead paint testing of target 
                housing that is in a remote area, and that is being 
                rehabilitated, renovated, repaired, or painted in a 
                manner that will repair or disturb building components 
                that are painted or coated, shall be conducted 
                through--
                            ``(i) paint chip testing, lead-based paint 
                        inspection, visual assessment for deteriorated 
                        paint, or a lead risk assessment for lead-based 
                        paint hazards, as applicable in accordance with 
                        section 302 of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning 
                        Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4822); or
                            ``(ii) a visual assessment for deteriorated 
                        paint and use of lead test kits approved by the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency in accordance 
                        with section 402 or 404, as applicable, of the 
                        Toxic Substances Control Act (15 U.S.C. 2682, 
                        2684) on each building component that is 
                        painted or coated and is to be disturbed.
            ``(5) Federal flood risk management standards.--The project 
        shall not be subject to the Federal Flood Risk Management 
        Standards, and the Secretary shall revise regulations governing 
        floodplain management and the protection of wetlands to exclude 
        the Federal Flood Risk Management Standards from applying to 
        such projects.
            ``(6) Exemption from flood insurance requirements.--
        Notwithstanding any provision of law, the Secretary may provide 
        financial assistance for acquisition or construction purposes 
        to Indian tribes and tribally designated housing entities under 
        any program administered by the Secretary for a property that--
                    ``(A) is owned by the Indian tribe, tribally 
                designated housing entity, tribal organization, or 
                other Tribal entity; and
                    ``(B) is--
                            ``(i) not covered by flood insurance; or
                            ``(ii) not located in a jurisdiction that 
                        participates in the National Flood Insurance 
                        Program.
            ``(7) Exemptions from certain separation distance 
        requirements for projects from storage tanks.--
                    ``(A) Residential tanks.--A recipient, including 
                the Director of the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands, 
                carrying out activities under this Act or an Indian 
                tribe carrying out activities under title I of the 
                Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 
                U.S.C. 5301 et seq.) shall be exempt from the 
                acceptable separation distance and mitigation 
                requirements of the Secretary for residential tanks 
                when the tank--
                            ``(i) has a capacity of not more than 1,320 
                        gallons;
                            ``(ii) is intended to contain common liquid 
                        fuels such as gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene, 
                        diesel, liquified petroleum gas (propane), or 
                        crude oil;
                            ``(iii) is sited on land or property that 
                        contains a 1- to 4-family dwelling;
                            ``(iv) is intended to be used solely by 
                        residents of such dwelling; and
                            ``(v) is intended to be used by residents 
                        of such dwelling exclusively for non-
                        commercial, non-industrial purposes.
                    ``(B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph shall be construed to limit the authority of 
                a recipient, including the Director of the Department 
                of Hawaiian Home Lands, or an Indian tribe to consider 
                acceptable separation distance or implementation 
                mitigation measures for residential tanks.
                    ``(C) Above ground storage tanks.--The acceptable 
                separation distance requirements of the Secretary 
                between a residential structure assisted by a 
                recipient, including the Director of the Department of 
                Hawaiian Home Lands, with funds under this Act (or 
                assisted with funds under a grant to an Indian tribe 
                under title I of the Housing and Community Development 
                Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.)) and an above 
                ground storage tank used to store hazardous substances, 
                as defined in subpart C of part 51 of title 24, Code of 
                Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation, 
                including mitigation measures, shall not apply if the 
                recipient, including the Director of the Department of 
                Hawaiian Home Lands, or Indian tribe determines that--
                            ``(i) the application of the requirements 
                        would prevent or materially impede the ability 
                        of the recipient or Indian tribe to address its 
                        housing needs;
                            ``(ii) the use of an alternative standard, 
                        or the absence of a standard, will not present 
                        an unacceptable risk to the health or safety or 
                        residents; and
                            ``(iii) the recipient or Indian tribe has--
                                    ``(I) provided notice and an 
                                opportunity for comment to residents of 
                                the affected area regarding the 
                                proposed inapplicability of the 
                                requirements; and
                                    ``(II) developed and adopted a 
                                safety and response plan addressing the 
                                potential risks associated with an