[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4726 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4726

To promote efforts to bring about stability and security in Sudan, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              June 9, 2026

   Mr. Risch (for himself, Mr. Coons, Mr. Cornyn, and Mrs. Shaheen) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
                     Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To promote efforts to bring about stability and security in Sudan, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Titles.--This Act may be cited as the ``Preventing 
External Aggression and Conflict Escalation in Sudan Act of 2026'' or 
the ``PEACE in Sudan Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short titles; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Statement of policy.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors 
                            in Sudan.
Sec. 5. Report on atrocities and gross violations of internationally 
                            recognized human rights in Sudan.
Sec. 6. Strategy.
Sec. 7. Assessment of eligibility of armed actors in Sudan for 
                            designation as specially designated global 
                            terrorists.
Sec. 8. Sanctions.
Sec. 9. Special Envoy for Sudan.
Sec. 10. Assistance to the Government of Sudan by international 
                            financial institutions.
Sec. 11. Sudan Business Risk Advisory.
Sec. 12. United States engagement at the United Nations with respect to 
                            Sudan.
Sec. 13. Foreign assistance to Sudan.
Sec. 14. Annual report on financial assets held by armed actors in 
                            Sudan.
Sec. 15. Termination.
Sec. 16. Rule of construction.

SEC. 2. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to advance and protect the national security of the 
        United States, including by identifying, disrupting, and 
        dismantling the networks and actions of criminal and malign 
        actors who foment and benefit from instability, conflict, 
        humanitarian emergency, state failure, and ungoverned spaces;
            (2) to utilize all available diplomatic and economic tools 
        to secure an end to the war in Sudan;
            (3) to counter--
                    (A) malign foreign interference and external 
                military support to parties to the conflict in Sudan; 
                and
                    (B) destabilizing regional and domestic actors who 
                seek to benefit from the continued conflict in Sudan;
            (4) to promote efforts to bring about stability and 
        security in Sudan, including by addressing the humanitarian 
        suffering of the Sudanese people and others impacted across 
        Africa;
            (5) to hold perpetrators of war crimes, crimes against 
        humanity, and genocide in Sudan accountable for their crimes;
            (6) to advance and protect the internationally recognized 
        human rights of all Sudanese people, regardless of ethnicity, 
        religion, sex, or geographic area of origin; and
            (7) to support the aspirations of the people of Sudan for a 
        political transition process that results in a civilian 
        government that--
                    (A) is democratic;
                    (B) is accountable;
                    (C) respects the internationally-recognized human 
                rights of its citizens; and
                    (D) is at peace with itself and its neighbors.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Admission; admitted; alien.--The terms ``admission'', 
        ``admitted'', and ``alien'' have the meanings given such terms 
        in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
        U.S.C. 1101(a)).
            (2) Aid or abet.--The term ``aid or abet'' means to 
        intentionally assist or encourage a person or persons to commit 
        a crime.
            (3) Appropriate congressional committees.--Except as 
        provided in section 7, the term ``appropriate congressional 
        committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (4) Atrocity.--The term ``atrocity'' means war crimes, 
        crimes against humanity, or genocide.
            (5) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
        individual or entity that is not a United States person.
            (6) Genocide.--The term ``genocide'' means an offense 
        described in section 1091(a) of title 18, United States Code.
            (7) International financial institution.--The term 
        ``international financial institution'' means--
                    (A) the International Monetary Fund;
                    (B) the International Bank for Reconstruction and 
                Development;
                    (C) the International Development Association;
                    (D) the International Finance Corporation;
                    (E) the Inter-American Development Bank Group;
                    (F) the Asian Development Bank;
                    (G) the Inter-American Investment Corporation;
                    (H) the African Development Bank;
                    (I) the African Development Fund;
                    (J) the European Bank for Reconstruction and 
                Development;
                    (K) the Multilateral Investment Guaranty Agency; 
                and
                    (L) any multilateral financial institution 
                established after the date of the enactment of this Act 
                that could provide financial assistance to the 
                Government of Sudan.
            (8) Non-state armed group.--The term ``non-state armed 
        group'' means any entity participating in, supporting, or 
        contributing to the conflict or commission of atrocities that 
        is not an organization of a foreign government, including 
        militia, armed groups, mercenaries, private military 
        contractors, and terrorist organizations.
            (9) Quad.--The term ``Quad'' means the diplomatic grouping 
        of the United States, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab 
        Emirates that has been convening in an effort to mediate an end 
        to the conflict in Sudan.
            (10) Quintet.--The term ``Quintet'' means the diplomatic 
        grouping of the African Union, the Intergovernmental Authority 
        on Development, the League of Arab States, the European Union, 
        and the United Nations.
            (11) Torture.--The term ``torture'' has the meaning given 
        such a term in section 2340(1) of title 18, United States Code.
            (12) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen, an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States, 
                or any other individual subject to the jurisdiction of 
                the United States; and
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
            (13) War crime.--The term ``war crime''--
                    (A) has the meaning given such term in section 
                2441(c) of title 18, United States Code; and
                    (B) includes sexual violence.

SEC. 4. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND GROUPS 
              IN SUDAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and semiannually thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Director of National Intelligence, 
shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
includes--
            (1) a comprehensive analysis of the involvement of foreign 
        governments and malign actors operating in Africa by 
        supporting, facilitating, or contributing to the conflict and 
        commission of atrocities in Sudan, including findings 
        regarding--
                    (A) the estimated amount of arms and materiel 
                transferred to the Sudanese Armed Forces, the Rapid 
                Support Forces, and to non-state armed groups 
                contributing to the conflict in Sudan, including the 
                suspected country of origin and any transit countries;
                    (B) the estimated number of affiliated combatants 
                and support personnel in Sudan acting in support of the 
                war effort, including those who are engaged in active 
                fighting, training, and equipping;
                    (C) engagement in, or support for, drone and 
                aircraft strikes;
                    (D) the provision of, or support for, the training 
                of combatants, including child soldiers such as the 
                ``Lion Cubs'', in Sudan;
                    (E) the provision of intelligence services, 
                intelligence sharing, or information sharing for the 
                Sudanese Armed Forces or Rapid Support Forces, 
                including through the provision of intelligence 
                personnel in Sudan;
                    (F) the provision of material support to the 
                Sudanese Armed Forces or the Rapid Support Forces to 
                evade or undermine accountability measures or 
                sanctions;
                    (G) the provision of financial and in-kind support 
                to the Sudanese Armed Forces, the Rapid Support Forces, 
                or non-state armed groups operating in Sudan;
                    (H) the business interests held by foreign 
                governments and individuals from foreign countries 
                referred to in this paragraph, including interests in 
                aviation, banking, media, livestock, real estate, 
                transportation, petroleum, and gold mining;
                    (I) the source, frequency, and scope of violations 
                of the United Nations arms embargo outlined in United 
                Nations Security Council Resolutions 1556 (2004) and 
                1591 (2005);
                    (J) instances of international travel by non-state 
                armed groups from Sudan for purposes other than 
                structured diplomatic negotiations; and
                    (K) actions that violate existing United States 
                defense cooperation agreements or designation as a 
                major non-NATO ally of the United States (as defined in 
                section 644 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
                U.S.C. 2403));
            (2) a comprehensive analysis of the involvement of non-
        state armed groups in supporting, facilitating, or contributing 
        to the conflict in Sudan and the commission of atrocities in 
        Sudan, including--
                    (A) the Wagner Group;
                    (B) the Sudan Revolutionary Front;
                    (C) the Sudanese Muslim Brotherhood, including its 
                al-Baraa Bin Malik Brigade;
                    (D) the Sudan Liberation Movement, led by Minni 
                Minnawi;
                    (E) the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North-al 
                Hilu;
                    (F) the Sudan People's Liberation Army-in-
                Opposition;
                    (G) the Sudan Liberation Movement, led by Abdul 
                Wahid al-Nur;
                    (H) the Sudanese Liberation Army, led by Malik 
                Agar;
                    (I) the Sudan Liberation Movement--Transitional 
                Council, led by El-Hadi Idris Yahya;
                    (J) the Joint Security Forces, including the 
                Justice and Equality Movement;
                    (K) Gathering of Sudan Liberation Forces, led by 
                Al-Tahir Hajar;
                    (L) the Central Reserve Forces;
                    (M) the Sudanese Awakening Revolutionary Council, 
                led by Musa Hilal;
                    (N) the Sudan Shield Forces;
                    (O) the Third Front (Tamazuj);
                    (P) Army 70;
                    (Q) the Tigray Defense Forces;
                    (R) the Desert Wolves;
                    (S) the Libyan Arab Armed Forces (also known as the 
                ``Libyan National Army''); and
                    (T) the Union of Forces for Democracy and 
                Development;
            (3) an analysis of private and commercial activity 
        facilitating or benefitting from the war economy related to the 
        conflict in Sudan, within or outside Sudan, including activity 
        related to--
                    (A) port operations;
                    (B) aviation (including airlines and airports);
                    (C) ground transportation services;
                    (D) the mining, refining, processing, and trade of 
                gold, gum arabic, and other natural resources;
                    (E) private military companies;
                    (F) banking and financial services;
                    (G) cryptocurrency transactions;
                    (H) technology;
                    (I) military equipment; and
                    (J) weapons manufacturing; and
            (4) a determination and analysis of whether actions taken 
        by a government of a foreign country referred to in paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A) involves defense articles or defense services 
                (as such terms are defined in section 47 of the Arms 
                Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2794)) of United States 
                origin;
                    (B) violates the terms of applicable United States 
                or end-user assurances, licenses, or agreements; and
                    (C) violates the arms embargo designated by United 
                Nation Security Council Resolutions 1556 (2004), 1591 
                (2005), and any successor Security Council Resolution 
                for an arms embargo on all or part of Sudan.
    (b) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Briefing.--Not later than 15 days after the submission of the 
report required under subsection (a), the Secretary of State and the 
Director of National Intelligence, or their respective designees, shall 
provide a briefing to the appropriate congressional committees 
regarding the matters contained in such report.

SEC. 5. REPORT ON ATROCITIES AND GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONALLY 
              RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS IN SUDAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and semiannually thereafter, the Secretary of 
State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
comprehensive report regarding the conduct of, support for, and 
perpetrators of gross violations of internationally recognized human 
rights in Sudan since April 15, 2023.
    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
include a description of--
            (1) any atrocities and other gross violations of 
        internationally recognized human rights committed by the 
        Sudanese Armed Forces, the Rapid Support Forces, non-state 
        armed groups, other entities of the Government of Sudan, and 
        other individuals, including--
                    (A) the recruitment and use of child soldiers;
                    (B) the use of starvation and sexual violence as 
                weapons of war, including systematic rape, sexual 
                slavery, and other forms of sexual violence;
                    (C) the denial of humanitarian access, including 
                the obstruction of humanitarian assistance or the 
                targeting of aid workers;
                    (D) looting, occupation, or destruction of civilian 
                infrastructure, including religious sites, health 
                facilities, and schools;
                    (E) violations in the conduct of hostilities, 
                summary executions, the deliberate targeting of 
                civilians, and arbitrary detention;
                    (F) the systematic targeting of medical facilities 
                and medical personnel, emergency response rooms, or 
                other humanitarian initiatives;
                    (G) the deliberate targeting of places of worship; 
                and
                    (H) ethnically motivated violence, including 
                violence against minority non-Arab communities and 
                indigenous ethnic groups of the Nuba Mountains; and
            (2) the sanctions imposed in accordance with the Chemical 
        and Biological Weapons Control and Warfare Elimination Act of 
        1991 (title III of Public Law 102-182; 22 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) 
        and the continued monitoring of the use of chemical weapons by 
        the Government of Sudan.
    (c) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 6. STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of 
other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall develop a 
comprehensive strategy to secure a ceasefire and durable political 
settlement in Sudan. In developing such strategy, the Secretary shall 
utilize all available economic and diplomatic tools, and enhance 
diplomatic, financial, and legal measures to hold perpetrators of 
atrocities and other gross violations of internationally recognized 
human rights accountable.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall 
include a description of the Secretary of State's plans--
            (1) to help end the conflict in Sudan, including by--
                    (A)(i) determining the key actors who must be 
                involved in diplomatic negotiations to end the war;
                    (ii) supporting their sustained and credible 
                participation in such negotiations; and
                    (iii) assessing the appropriate staffing needed 
                within the Department of State's Office of Sudan 
                Affairs, including locally employed staff and staff 
                based in Ethiopia and Kenya, to engage on coordinated 
                diplomatic efforts to end the war in Sudan;
                    (B) establishing a timeline for using diplomatic 
                engagement, intelligence diplomacy, security 
                cooperation, and foreign assistance, as appropriate, to 
                secure the support of allies and partners in finding 
                diplomatic paths to e