[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8790 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 8790

  To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to direct 
   research, development, demonstration, and commercial application 
  activities in support of next-generation geothermal and closed-loop 
   geothermal systems in various conditions, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              May 13, 2026

  Mr. Harrigan (for himself and Ms. Salinas) introduced the following 
   bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology, and in addition to the Committee on Natural Resources, for 
a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to direct 
   research, development, demonstration, and commercial application 
  activities in support of next-generation geothermal and closed-loop 
   geothermal systems in various conditions, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Next-Generation Geothermal Research 
and Development Act''.

SEC. 2. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY.

    (a) In General.--The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 
(Public Law 110-140) is amended--
            (1) in section 612 (42 U.S.C. 17191; relating to 
        definitions)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), 
                (5), (6), (7), and (8) as paragraphs (2), (3), (4), 
                (5), (6), (7), (8), and (10), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so 
                redesignated, the following new paragraph:
            ``(1) Closed-loop geothermal systems.--The term `closed-
        loop geothermal systems' means a wellbore or subsurface circuit 
        of wellbores containing a fluid heated through contact with the 
        borehole wall.'';
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so 
                redesignated, the following new paragraph:
            ``(9) Next-generation geothermal systems.--The term `next-
        generation geothermal systems' means--
                    ``(A) enhanced geothermal systems;
                    ``(B) closed-loop geothermal systems;
                    ``(C) in supercritical conditions--
                            ``(i) enhanced geothermal systems; or
                            ``(ii) closed-loop geothermal systems; and
                    ``(D) other innovative energy technologies.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(11) Supercritical geothermal.--The term `supercritical 
        geothermal' means energy derived from a subsurface rock 
        resource in-situ existing at or above the supercritical 
        conditions, whether relating to temperature or pressure, of the 
        primary fluid present.'';
            (2) in section 613(b)(1) (42 U.S.C. 17192(b)(1); relating 
        to hydrothermal research and development), by striking 
        ``advanced geologic tools to assist'' and inserting ``advanced 
        tools, including machine learning algorithms, to assist'';
            (3) in section 614 (42 U.S.C. 17193; relating to general 
        geothermal systems research and development)--
                    (A) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``among the 
                Office of Fossil Energy, the Office of Energy 
                Efficiency and Renewable Energy,'' and inserting 
                ``across the Department''; and
                    (B) in subsection (h)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and 
                        publicly available subsurface data, including 
                        data reported as part of fossil fuel and mining 
                        operations,'' after ``geothermal drilling 
                        information''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end 
                        the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(C) Updates.--The repository established under 
                paragraph (1) shall be periodically updated in order to 
                carry out the following:
                            ``(i) Standardize data in a uniform manner 
                        to the maximum extent practicable and enable 
                        analysis across different projects.
                            ``(ii) Enhance the accessibility and 
                        usability of data to increase analysis of 
                        geothermal energy and next-generation 
                        geothermal systems on regional, local, and 
                        site-specific scales.
                            ``(iii) Increase uses of data, including 
                        data viewable by map and organization by common 
                        attributes, such as region.
                            ``(iv) Make other improvements in 
                        functionality and usability, as determined by 
                        the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Memorandum of understanding.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                        enter into a memorandum of understanding with 
                        the Secretary of the Interior, and with the 
                        heads of other relevant Federal departments, 
                        for notifying, sharing, and providing 
                        opportunities for additional data collection 
                        regarding shared geothermal development data 
                        from projects funded by the Department of the 
                        Interior and each such other relevant 
                        department, including data from mining, 
                        critical minerals, and energy projects, such as 
                        subsurface heat data, seismic data, lithology 
                        data, boundaries of State and federally 
                        protected areas, and existing transmission 
                        capacity.
                            ``(ii) Prioritization.--To the maximum 
                        extent practicable, activities conducted 
                        pursuant to a memorandum of understanding under 
                        clause (i) shall prioritize heat, lithology, 
                        and strain profiles through deep exploration 
                        boreholes and control points for deep heat 
                        mapping and geothermal development.
                    ``(E) Regional data probes.--The Secretary of the 
                Interior may, in consultation with the Secretary, 
                commission the drilling of supercritical geothermal 
                exploration boreholes in representative geological 
                provinces in the United States to provide control 
                points for deep heat mapping and geothermal 
                development. The resulting data shall include an 
                exploration of heat, lithology, and strain profiles, 
                and shall be shared publicly on the repository 
                established under paragraph (1).
                    ``(F) Study on site selection characteristics for 
                supercritical geothermal.--The Secretary of the 
                Interior shall, in consultation with the Secretary, 
                conduct a study on site selection characteristics in 
                representative geological provinces in the United 
                States, including the United States territories of 
                American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto 
                Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, for supercritical 
                geothermal.'';
            (4) in section 615 (42 U.S.C. 17194; relating to enhanced 
        geothermal systems research and development)--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking 
                ``enhanced'' and inserting ``next-generation'';
                    (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``enhanced'' and 
                inserting ``next-generation'';
                    (C) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in the heading, by inserting ``and 
                        Closed-loop'' after ``Enhanced'';
                            (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
                        by inserting ``and closed-loop'' after 
                        ``enhanced'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (11), by striking 
                        ``and'' after the semicolon;
                            (iv) in paragraph (12), by striking the 
                        period and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (v) by adding at the end the following new 
                        paragraph:
            ``(13) the research topics specified in subparagraphs (1) 
        through (12) in supercritical conditions.'';
                    (D) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) by redesignating paragraph (7) as 
                        paragraph (8); and
                            (ii) by inserting after paragraph (6) the 
                        following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Next-generation geothermal testing.--Not later than 
        one year after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, the 
        Secretary shall take such actions as may be necessary to ensure 
        that at least one FORGE site has the capabilities to include 
        next-generation geothermal testing, including, if practicable 
        and technically feasible, closed-loop geothermal systems in 
        supercritical conditions.''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsections:
    ``(e) Next-Generation Geothermal Research and Development 
Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Within the Geothermal Technologies 
        Office of the Department, the Secretary shall support a program 
        of next-generation geothermal research, development, 
        demonstration, and commercial application activities, 
        including, if practicable and technically feasible, closed-loop 
        geothermal systems in supercritical conditions.
            ``(2) Focus areas.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The program described in 
                paragraph (1) shall focus on the following topics:
                            ``(i) Well completion.
                            ``(ii) Permeability creation and 
                        management, including proppants and packers.
                            ``(iii) Materials development and equipment 
                        design, including power production, specific to 
                        supercritical geothermal systems.
                            ``(iv) Sensor development.
                            ``(v) Water-rock geochemistry.
                            ``(vi) Rock properties.
                            ``(vii) Hard rock and deep drilling.
                            ``(viii) Any other topics the Secretary 
                        determines necessary.
                    ``(B) Prioritization.--In carrying out next-
                generation geothermal research under the program 
                described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
                prioritize projects best able to produce iterative data 
                for deep drilling projects in unique geodynamic 
                settings on the following topics:
                            ``(i) Characterization and crustal stress.
                            ``(ii) Lab work.
                            ``(iii) Drilling.
                            ``(iv) Stimulation.
                            ``(v) Power production.
                    ``(C) Administration.--The Secretary may administer 
                grants to institutions of higher education and private 
                sector entities to carry out activities on the topics 
                specified in subparagraph (A) and, to the maximum 
                extent practicable, share data, results, and 
                information publicly.
            ``(3) Report on water use.--Not later than five years after 
        the date of the enactment of this subsection, the Secretary 
        shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources and the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate a report on the following:
                    ``(A) Water use and estimated needs of enhanced 
                geothermal systems.
                    ``(B) Water use and estimated needs for closed-
                loop, and next-generation geothermal energy production.
                    ``(C) The ability of next-generation geothermal 
                systems to use brackish and nonpotable water.
                    ``(D) The withdrawal and consumption of water per 
                megawatt hour of next-generation geothermal systems, as 
                compared to other power-generation technologies.
                    ``(E) Technological and operational improvements 
                that could lead to decreases in water withdrawal and 
                consumption of next-generation geothermal systems.
            ``(4) Next-generation geothermal center of excellence.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--The Secretary shall award 
                grants through a competitive, merit-reviewed process, 
                to National Laboratories (as such term is defined in 
                section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
                15801)), multi-institutional collaborations, public-
                private partnerships, or institutes of higher education 
                (or consortia thereof) for the following:
                            ``(i) The continuation and expansion of 
                        research, development, demonstration, testing, 
                        and commercial application activities 
                        applicable to FORGE sites, including activities 
                        in supercritical conditions.
                            ``(ii) The establishment of a next-
                        generation geothermal systems center of 
                        excellence.
                    ``(B) Location.--In selecting National 
                Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, 
                public-private partnerships, or institutions of higher 
                education (or a consortia thereof) for a center of 
                excellence referred to in subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary shall consider the following criteria:
                            ``(i) Whether the entity hosts an existing 
                        geothermal energy research and development 
                        program.
                            ``(ii) Whether the entity has proven 
                        technical expertise to support geothermal 
                        energy research.
                            ``(iii) Whether the entity has access to 
                        geothermal resources.
                    ``(C) Purpose.--The center of excellence referred 
                to in subparagraph (A) shall coordinate among existing 
                FORGE sites, the Department, and National Laboratories 
                to carry out the following:
                            ``(i) Advance research, development, 
                        demonstration, and commercial application of 
                        next-generation geothermal energy technologies, 
                        including supercritical geothermal 
                        technologies, in response to industry and 
                        commercial needs, including by partnering with 
                        other academic or research institutions, 
                        industry, non-governmental organizations, and 
                        State, local, or Tribal governments.
                            ``(ii) Foster collaboration for education, 
                        research, and partnership initiatives in order 
                        to support the technology, deployment, and 
                        workforce needs of the United States geothermal 
                        energy industry, including a focus on next-
                        generation geothermal systems.
                            ``(iii) Support workforce development 
                        across the next-generation geothermal systems 
                        energy development lifecycle.
                            ``(iv) Provide educational, technical, and 
                        analytical assistance on next-generation 
                        geothermal systems to Federal agencies, 
                        industry, and State, local, and Tribal 
                        governments.
                            ``(v) Collect and disseminate information 
                        on best practices in all areas relating to 
                        developing and managing geothermal energy 
                        resources and energy systems, including next-
                        generation geothermal systems.
            ``(5) Commercial-readiness innovation grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants 
                to accelerate the development, testing, and 
                implementation of innovative technologies identified as 
                areas for improving the performance of commercial 
                geothermal energy projects using next-generation 
                geothermal systems.
                    ``(B) Focus areas.--Grants may be awarded under 
                this paragraph for innovative technologies, including 
                the following:
                            ``(i) Hardrock drilling equipment, 
                        components, and systems, including bit design 
                        and vibration control.
                            ``(ii) Reservoir characterization, well 
                        design and spacing, and completions.
                            ``(iii) Data acquisition and analysis, 
                        including fiber optic sensing tools and 
                        methodologies.
                    ``(C) Applications.--
                            ``(i) In general.--An entity seeking a 
                        grant under this paragraph shall submit to the 
                        Secretary an application at such time, in such 
                        manner, and containing such information as the 
                        Secretary may require.
                            ``(ii) Prioritization.--In awarding grants 
                        under this paragraph, the Secretary shall give 
                        priority to the following:
                                    ``(I) Applicants, including for-
                                profit entities and public-private 
                                partnerships, with demonstrated