[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8462 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 8462

   To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             April 23, 2026

    Mr. Weber of Texas (for himself, Mr. Babin, and Mr. Obernolte) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
                     Science, Space, and Technology

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Quantum Initiative 
Reauthorization Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), 
        the first paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the 
        ``Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications''), and 
        the second paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the 
        ``Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science'') as paragraphs 
        (4), (8), (10), (13), (14), (16), and (17), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(3) Confucius institute.--The term `Confucius Institute' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 10339A of the 
        Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act 
        (division B of Public Law 117-167; 42 U.S.C. 19039).'';
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraphs:
            ``(5) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
        Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
            ``(6) Foreign country of concern.--The term `foreign 
        country of concern' has the meaning given such term in section 
        10638 of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act (division B of Public Law 117-167; 42 U.S.C. 
        19237).
            ``(7) Foreign entity of concern.--The term `foreign entity 
        of concern' has the meaning given such term in section 10638 of 
        the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act 
        (division B of Public Law 117-167; 42 U.S.C. 19237).'';
            (4) in paragraph (8), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``section 1001(a)'' and inserting ``section 1001'';
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraph:
            ``(9) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).'';
            (6) by inserting after paragraph (10), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraphs:
            ``(11) Quantum applications.--The term `quantum 
        applications' means applications that use quantum information 
        science, engineering, and technology, including quantum 
        algorithms and software, quantum computing and quantum-
        classical hybrids, quantum sensing, quantum networking, quantum 
        encryption, or quantum communications applications.
            ``(12) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' 
        means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, 
        including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that 
        utilize a variety of qubit architectures, such as 
        superconducting, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, atomic 
        spin, electron spin, or topological qubits.'';
            (7) by amending paragraph (13), as so redesignated, to read 
        as follows:
            ``(13) Quantum information science, engineering, and 
        technology.--The term `quantum information science, 
        engineering, and technology' means the understanding, 
        translation, use, or application of the laws of quantum physics 
        for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, 
        simulation, or measurement of information.''; and
            (8) by inserting after paragraph (14), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraph:
            ``(15) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the academic and 
        professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering, 
        and mathematics, including computer science.''.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    Section 3 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8802) 
is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``science and its technology applications'' and inserting 
        ``science, engineering, and technology'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``science and technology'' and inserting 
                ``science, engineering, and technology'';
                    (B) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as 
                follows:
                    ``(A) to expand the number of researchers, 
                educators, and students with training in quantum 
                information science, engineering, and technology to 
                develop domestic workforce pathways and retain 
                international talent to the extent consistent with 
                national security and international competitiveness;'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``science at 
                the'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                technology at the primary, secondary,'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``basic'';
                    (E) in subparagraph (D)--
                            (i) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(F) to support development of quantum 
                applications, including quantum-hybrid applications, to 
                promote innovation and commercialization; and
                    ``(G) to support other emerging technologies that 
                could benefit from or benefit the development of 
                quantum technology and promote research, development, 
                demonstration, and application of such technologies in 
                quantum information science, engineering, and 
                technology.'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science and 
        technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
        technology'';
            (4) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and 
        technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
        technology'';
            (5) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by inserting ``National Laboratories,'' after 
                ``Federal laboratories,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
            (6) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``partnerships, research 
                        collaborations, and'' after ``international''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``science and technology 
                        security'' and inserting ``science, 
                        engineering, and technology'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, social benefit,'' 
                        after ``innovation''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(C) to facilitate cooperative investment in 
                quantum capabilities between the United States and its 
                allies and partners to strengthen and secure the 
                domestic supply chain and related ecosystem; and''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) improving the maturity, scale, and short- and long-
        term viability of the quantum technology industry, including 
        small and medium-sized businesses and startups representing a 
        diversity of quantum specialties, and commercialization of 
        domestic quantum capacity across modalities.''.

SEC. 4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM.

    Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative 
Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting 
                ``research development, and near- and medium-term, and 
                long-term demonstration'';
                    (B) by striking ``information science and 
                technology''; and
                    (C) by inserting ``in diverse sectors'' after 
                ``applications'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``fundamental'';
                    (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and 
                inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and
                    (C) by inserting ``infrastructure,'' after 
                ``demonstration,'';
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking ``science and technology'' and 
                inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and
                    (B) by striking ``pipeline'' and inserting 
                ``pathway'';
            (4) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) provide for interagency planning and coordination of 
        Federal quantum information science, engineering, and 
        technology research, development, demonstration, standards 
        engagement, and other activities under the Program, including 
        activities authorized pursuant to section 234 of the John S. 
        McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
        (10 U.S.C. 4001 note), quantum educational activities and 
        programs authorized pursuant to section 10661 of the Research 
        and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
        19261), and activities conducted at any Federal laboratory;''; 
        and
            (5) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) by striking ``industry and universities'' and 
                inserting ``industry, universities, nonprofit research 
                organizations, and strategic allies''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, including human resources'' 
                after ``resources''.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION OFFICE.

    Section 102 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8812) 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A) of subsection (a)(2), by inserting 
        ``, and who shall serve a four year term, subject to renewal'' 
        before the semicolon; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology research and workforce''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, nonprofit research 
                        organizations,'' after ``universities'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures 
        or consortia established under this Act;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (D) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) by inserting ``nonprofit research 
                        organizations,'' after ``universities,''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraphs:
            ``(8) promote understanding and adoption of quantum 
        capabilities throughout the United States economy, as 
        appropriate; and
            ``(9) track and promote policies that will ensure stability 
        of the United States quantum workforce, quantum supply chain, 
        domestic quantum industry, and international trade.''.

SEC. 6. SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE.

    Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (8), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph 
                (14); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following 
                new paragraphs:
            ``(9) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            ``(10) the Department of State;
            ``(11) the Department of Homeland Security;
            ``(12) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
            ``(13) the Department of Education; and'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the quantum 
                information science and technology research'' and 
                inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, 
                and technology research and quantum application 
                development, demonstration, and commercialization'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``, engineering, 
                and technology'' after ``science'';
                    (C) in paragraph (5),
                            (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and 
                        technology'' after ``science''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and conduct 
                        comparative benchmarking of Federal investments 
                        and research strategies relative to the 
                        investments and research strategies of the 
                        United States' strategic partners and other 
                        countries'' after ``development efforts'';
                    (D) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                    (E) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, engineering and 
                        technology'' after ``science''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(8) facilitate interagency partnership opportunities to 
        advance quantum applications related to the environment, 
        advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, space, and other 
        sectors.'';
            (3) in subsection (h)(2)(A), by inserting ``, including a 
        description of agency roles and responsibilities'' before the 
        period; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i) Quantum Use Cases.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Subcommittee shall identify 
        potential use cases with respect to which quantum computing 
        could advance the missions of participating agencies, including 
        through on-premises, cloud-based, hybrid, or networked 
        approaches.
            ``(2) Quantum on-ramp.--For each potential use case 
        identified pursuant to paragraph (1), the relevant Federal 
        agency, in consultation with the Subcommittee, may develop a 
        plan to enable such agency to address each such potential use 
        case.
            ``(3) Reporting.--The Subcommittee, as part of the annual 
        report on the budget for the Program under subsection (g), 
        shall report progress in carrying out the activities under this 
        section, including information relating to the following:
                    ``(A) The potential use cases identified pursuant 
                to paragraph (1).
                    ``(B) The status of plans developed pursuant to 
                paragraph (2).
                    ``(C) Any obstacles to implementing such--
                            ``(i) potential use cases; or
                            ``(ii) plans.''.

SEC. 7. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    Section 104 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8814) 
is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
    ``(b) Qualifications.--The Advisory Committee shall consist of 
members, appointed by the President, who are--
            ``(1) representative of industry, including end users 
        likely to benefit from quantum technology and small and medium-
        sized businesses and startups representing a diversity of 
        quantum specialties, universities, nonprofit research 
        organizations, and Federal laboratories; and
            ``(2) qualified to provide advice and information on 
        quantum information science, engineering, and technology 
        research, development, demonstrations, standards, STEM 
        education, technology transfer, commercial application, or 
        national security and economic concerns.'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``science and 
                technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                technology'';
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (D), (E), (F), 
                and (G) as subparagraphs (E), (F), (G), and (H), 
                respectively;
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) other countries' quantum programs and the 
                progress of such countries and such programs relative 
                to the Program;'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (E), as so redesignated--
                            (i) by striking ``to'' and inserting 
                        ``promote innovation, foster a robust United 
                        States quantum industry, and''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology''; and
                    (E) in subparagraph (F), as so redesignated, by 
                inserting ``, including to address any gaps that may 
                exist'' before the semicolon;
                    (F) in subparagr