[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 7037 Introduced in House (IH)]
<DOC>
119th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. R. 7037
To promote United States and allied energy and mineral security, and
for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
January 13, 2026
Mrs. Kim (for herself, Mr. Bera, Mr. Mast, Mr. Huizenga, Mr. Olszewski,
Mr. Shreve, Mr. Wittman, Mr. Stanton, Mr. Lawler, Mr. Panetta, Ms.
Titus, Mr. Moore of North Carolina, Mr. Castro of Texas, and Mrs.
Radewagen) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the
Committee on Foreign Affairs
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To promote United States and allied energy and mineral security, and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Developing
Overseas Mineral Investments and New Allied Networks for Critical
Energies Act'' or the ``DOMINANCE Act''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings and purpose.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
TITLE I--MINERALS SECURITY PARTNERSHIP AUTHORIZATION
Sec. 101. International cooperation to secure critical minerals supply
chains.
Sec. 102. Minerals Security Partnership authorization.
Sec. 103. United States membership in the International Nickel Study
Group.
Sec. 104. Diplomatic strategy for securing critical minerals.
Sec. 105. Mechanism to support critical mineral projects in foreign
countries.
TITLE II--ENERGY SECURITY COMPACTS
Sec. 201. Energy Security Compacts.
Sec. 202. Office of Energy Security Compacts.
Sec. 203. Energy security compact structure.
Sec. 204. Energy Security Compacts Council.
Sec. 205. Congressional notification.
Sec. 206. Government Accountability Office.
TITLE III--DEPARTMENT OF STATE AUTHORIZATIONS
Sec. 301. Assistant Secretary for Energy Security and Diplomacy.
Sec. 302. Bureau of Energy Security and Diplomacy.
Sec. 303. Critical Mineral Mining Fellowship Program.
Sec. 304. Visiting Mining Scholars Program.
Sec. 305. Amendment to the Mutual and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961.
Sec. 306. Definitions.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.
(a) Findings.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the United States is heavily dependent on the People's
Republic of China for the production, processing, and
refinement of many key critical minerals and materials;
(2) the Government of the People's Republic of China has
weaponized its dominance of critical mineral production and has
intentionally created overcapacity and sold products at below-
market rates in order to gain market share and move up the
value chain;
(3) it is in the economic and national security interests
of the United States to prevent further inroads by strategic
competitors into key sectors such as energy infrastructure,
critical and rare earth minerals, and other supply chains
essential to United States industrial capacity and strategic
security;
(4) a reliable, resilient, and diversified supply chain for
energy and critical minerals is essential to meet the defense,
manufacturing, technological, and energy needs of the United
States;
(5) energy security is a fundamental component of United
States national security, economic stability, and foreign
policy strategy;
(6) the United States must utilize available trade
enforcement mechanisms, as well as other appropriate policy
tools, to counter coercive economic practices by strategic
competitors and complement the growth of a robust domestic
critical minerals industry;
(7) United States strategic interests are best served by
reducing reliance on adversarial nations for energy and
critical minerals, ensuring reliable and affordable electricity
for industrial and strategic supply chains, expanding
commercial opportunities for United States energy technologies,
and securing diversified and reliable access to critical
minerals for the United States and allied economies; and
(8) Government financing, development, and diplomatic tools
should all be deployed in a manner that maximizes the
mobilization of private capital, strengthens cooperation with
allies and partners, and advances the statutory objectives of
United States foreign policy, economic development, and
national security--thereby making the United States safer,
stronger, and more prosperous.
(b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to--
(1) reduce the dependence of the United States and partner
countries on strategic competitors for energy, critical
minerals, and related technologies;
(2) support economic growth and energy-sector modernization
in partner countries through responsible and transparent
development of domestic energy and mineral resources;
(3) advance United States national security and foreign
policy objectives through strategic investments, policy
coordination, and expanded cooperation with allies and
partners;
(4) establish a coordinated interagency mechanism to align
United States diplomatic, development, trade, and financing
tools;
(5) strengthen the commercial competitiveness of United
States energy and critical mineral companies in global markets;
and
(6) secure a diversified and resilient supply and
processing capacity for critical minerals necessary for United
States industry, energy systems, and defense requirements, as
well as those of allied and partner countries.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Ally; allied country.--The term ``ally'' or ``allied
country'' means--
(A) any country described in section 2350a(a)(2) of
title 10, United States Code; and
(B) any member country of an organization listed in
such section.
(2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee
on Ways and Means, and the Committee on Appropriations
of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the
Committee on Finance, and the Committee on
Appropriations of the Senate.
(3) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary''
means the Assistant Secretary for Energy Security and
Diplomacy, as established in section 301.
(4) Country compact team.--The term ``Country Compact
Team'' means a dedicated team formed by the Director for Energy
Security Compacts to manage the day-to-day activities related
to the development, negotiation, implementation, and monitoring
of the Energy Security Compacts.
(5) Critical mineral.--The term ``critical mineral'' means
any mineral on the list of critical minerals required by
section 7002(c)(3) of the Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C.
1606(c)(3)) on or after January 1, 2026.
(6) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
Department of State.
(7) Partner country.--The term ``partner country'' means
any country eligible for an Energy Security Compact under title
II.
(8) Processed.--The term ``processed'', with respect to a
critical mineral, means the mineral has undergone the
activities that occur after critical mineral ore is extracted
from a mine up through its conversion into a metal, metal
powder, or a master alloy.
(9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
of State.
(10) Under secretary.--The term ``Under Secretary'' means
the Under Secretary for Economic Affairs.
TITLE I--MINERALS SECURITY PARTNERSHIP AUTHORIZATION
SEC. 101. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION TO SECURE CRITICAL MINERALS SUPPLY
CHAINS.
(a) Statement of Policy on Critical Mineral Supply Chains.--It is
the policy of the United States--
(1) to collaborate with allies and partners of the United
States to build secure and resilient critical mineral supply
chains, including in the mining, processing, reclamation and
recycling, and valuation of critical minerals, as well as with
respect to advanced manufacturing that includes critical
minerals;
(2) to prioritize the development and production of
critical minerals domestically, including both to supply
domestic needs and for export to allies and partners that
participate in secure and resilient supply chains for critical
minerals;
(3) to reduce or eliminate reliance on critical mineral
supply chains controlled by the People's Republic of China, the
Russian Federation, Iran, or any other strategic competitor to
the United States;
(4) to work with allies and partners on enhancing
evaluation capability, tracing, and technology in trusted
countries that produce critical minerals to avoid the export of
mined and processed critical minerals to adversaries of the
United States;
(5) to identify and implement market-based incentives for
the purposes of facilitating the creation and maintenance of
secure and resilient critical mineral supply chains, including
for reclamation and recycling of critical mineral resources
from waste streams, in collaboration with allies and partners;
(6) to prioritize securing critical mineral supply chains
in the United States foreign policy, including through the use
of economic tools to invest responsibility in beneficiation and
value-adding projects in partner countries in a manner that
both benefits local populations and bolsters the supply of
critical minerals to the United States;
(7) to work with allies and partners to address the
distortive effects of predatory economic, pricing, and market
manipulation practices used by the People's Republic of China
the Russian Federation, Iran, or any other strategic competitor
of the United States;
(8) to coordinate policy tools and investments with allies
and partners to accelerate the development of transparent,
traceable, diversified, and fair markets for critical minerals
and rare earths; and
(9) that collaboration with allies and partners to build
secure and resilient critical mineral supply chains shall not
replace United States efforts to increase domestic development
and production or recycling of critical minerals.
(b) International Negotiations Relating to Protecting Critical
Mineral Supply Chains.--
(1) In general.--The President may negotiate an agreement
with the governments of foreign countries for the purposes of
establishing a coalition to--
(A) facilitate the transparent mining, processing,
supply, and procurement of critical minerals;
(B) facilitate advanced manufacturing that includes
critical minerals; and
(C) secure an adequate supply of critical minerals
and relevant products, manufacturing inputs, and
components that are heavily dependent on critical
mineral resources for the United States and other
members of the coalition (in this title referred to as
``member countries'').
(2) Negotiating objectives.--The overall objectives for
negotiating an agreement described in paragraph (1) shall be--
(A) to establish mechanisms for member countries to
build secure, resilient, and transparent supply chains
for critical minerals, including in--
(i) the mining, refinement, processing, and
valuation of critical minerals; and
(ii) advanced manufacturing of products,
components, and materials that are dependent on
critical minerals;
(B) to improve economies of scale and joint
cooperation with international partners in securing
access to and means of production throughout the supply
chains of critical minerals and manufacturing processes
dependent on critical minerals;
(C) to establish mechanisms, with appropriate
market-based disciplines, that provide and maintain
opportunities among member countries for creating
industry economies of scale to attract joint investment
among member countries, including--
(i) cooperation on joint projects,
including cost-sharing on building appropriate
infrastructure to access deposits of critical
minerals; and
(ii) creation or enhancement of national
and international programs to support the
development of robust industries by providing
appropriate sector-specific incentives, such as
political risk and other insurance
opportunities, financing, and other support,
for--
(I) transparent mining and
processing of critical minerals;
(II) manufacturing of products,
components, and materials that are
dependent on critical minerals and are
essential to consumer technology
products or have important national
security implications; and
(III) associated transportation
needs that are tailored to the
handling, movement, and logistics
management of critical minerals and
products, components, and materials
that are dependent on critical
minerals;
(D) to establish market-based rules for member
countries regarding adoption of qualifying tax and
other incentives to stimulate investment to ensure a
fair playing field among member countries;
(E) to establish recommended best practices to
protect--
(i) labor rights;
(ii) the natural environment and ecosystems
near critical mineral industrial sites;
(iii) the safety of communities near
critical mineral industrial activities through
consultation; and
(iv) supply chain diversity;
(F) to advance economic growth in developing
countries with critical mineral reserves, including for
the benefit of the citizens of such countries;
(G) to establish rules allowing for the
establishment of a consortium that is resourced and
empowered to bid and compete in acquiring and securing
potential deposits of critical minerals in countries
that are not member countries;
(H) to establish a mechanism for joint resource
mapping with procedures for equitable sharing of
information on potential deposits of critical minerals
not less frequently than annually;
(I) to establish appropriate mechanisms for the
recognition and enforcement by a member country of
judgements relating to environmental and related harms
caused by mining operations within such member country
in contravention of the laws of such country; and
(J) to improve supply chain security among member
countries by providing for national treatment
investment protections among member countries that are
equal to, or better than, the standards set forth in
the United States model bilateral investment treaty.
(3) Congressional consultation required.-- In the course of
negotiations described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall,
not less frequently than annually, consult with the Committee
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and shall keep
such committees fully apprised of such negotiations.
(c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
construed to alter any other provision of United States domestic law or
regulation applicable to critical minerals.
SEC. 102. MINERALS SECURITY PARTNERSHIP AUTHORIZATION.
(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary
of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, may lead
United States participation in a ``Minerals Security Partnership'', for
the following purposes:
(1) To identify and support investment and advocate for
commercial and military use critical mineral mining,
processing, and refining projects that enable robust, secure,
and transparent critical mineral supply chains, in consultation
with the other Federal agencies, as appropriate.
(2) To coordinate with relevant regional bureaus to develop
regional diplomatic engagement strategies related to critical
minerals projects and to identify projects that are priorities.
(3) To coordinate with United States missions abroad on
projects, programs, and investments that enable robust and
secure critical mineral supply chains.
(4) To coordinate with current and prospective members of
the Minerals Security Partnership.
(5) To establish a mechanism for information-sharing with
members of the Minerals Security Partnership.
(6) To establish polici