[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3571 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 3571

    To limit the authority of U.S. Border Patrol personnel to their 
      traditional border security duties, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           December 18, 2025

Mr. Murphy (for himself and Mr. Schiff) introduced the following bill; 
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security 
                        and Governmental Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To limit the authority of U.S. Border Patrol personnel to their 
      traditional border security duties, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Keeping Our Agents on the Line 
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Senate finds the following:
            (1) For many years, representatives of the U.S. Border 
        Patrol have requested to return to their traditional border 
        security duties on the line to avoid certain administrative 
        tasks, such as processing asylum seekers and children.
            (2) During 2025, U.S. Border Patrol--
                    (A) has apparently been delegated nationwide 
                interior arrest authority;
                    (B) as a result of nationwide interior arrest 
                authority, has duplicated the functions and purpose of 
                U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, while failing 
                to receive the commensurate training;
                    (C) has made numerous arrests in the interior of 
                the United States, many without a judicially authorized 
                warrant, including arrests of United States citizens; 
                and
                    (D) is no longer limiting its patrols within a 
                reasonable distance from the line at the United States 
                land border.
            (3) Many violent encounters recorded by United States 
        citizens and residents have involved U.S. Border Patrol agents 
        who--
                    (A) are primarily trained to patrol the line at the 
                United States border; and
                    (B) are not sufficiently trained to manage complex 
                criminal investigations typically handled by other 
                Federal law enforcement agencies.
            (4) Despite this lack of training, U.S. Border Patrol 
        agents have been roaming the interior of the United States and 
        arresting United States residents, including United States 
        citizens.

SEC. 3. REAFFIRMING THE 25-MILE LIMITATION FOR U.S. BORDER PATROL 
              OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Immigration officers and employees of u.s. border 
        patrol.--The term ``immigration officers and employees of U.S. 
        Border Patrol'' means any employee, contractor, or detailee who 
        performs services for U.S. Border Patrol.
            (2) Reasonable distance.--The term ``reasonable distance'' 
        means a distance not greater than 25 miles from any United 
        States international land border or territorial sea.
    (b) Special Rules for U.S. Border Patrol.--No authority, power, or 
permission granted under section 287 of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act (8 U.S.C. 1357), may be exercised by immigration officers and 
employees of U.S. Border Patrol beyond a reasonable distance.
    (c) Prohibition on Delegation.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law, immigration officers and employees of U.S. Border Patrol may 
not be delegated, deputized, or granted any authority to operate beyond 
a reasonable distance unless such authority is granted based upon--
            (1) a lawful request made by an appropriate State or local 
        official to an immigration officer or employee of U.S. Border 
        Patrol, in accordance with State or local law, to assist in an 
        emergency situation in which lives are in immediate or imminent 
        danger; or
            (2) the President's declaration of a major disaster under 
        section 401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
        Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170).

SEC. 4. CHECKPOINT AND ARREST DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING.

    (a) Checkpoint Data.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Commissioner for U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection shall--
            (1) establish milestones for determining the feasibility of 
        a checkpoint performance model that allows U.S. Border Patrol 
        to compare apprehensions and seizures to the level of illegal 
        activity passing undetected through the checkpoint;
            (2) post the findings and supporting data collected 
        pursuant to paragraph (1) on a publicly accessible website not 
        less frequently than annually;
            (3) establish internal controls for managing the oversight 
        of the accuracy, consistency, and completeness of checkpoint 
        performance data; and
            (4) publicly report on the total number of those subjected 
        to an encounter at a U.S. Border Patrol checkpoint, 
        disaggregated by the number of United States citizens, lawful 
        permanent residents, and aliens.
    (b) Arrest Data.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Commissioner for U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection shall--
            (1) document and publicly report on the number of agents 
        operating in the interior of the United States;
            (2) provide detailed information regarding each such 
        agent's training with respect to conducting searches and 
        seizures in compliance with the Fourth Amendment to the 
        Constitution of the United States; and
            (3) document and publicly report on the disposition of each 
        interaction such agent has while in the interior with a United 
        States citizen, a lawful permanent resident, or another alien, 
        including whether such person was arrested, detained, stopped, 
        or charged with a crime or a civil offense.
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