[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3339 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
<DOC>
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 3339
To better forecast and plan for the impact of artificial intelligence
on the workforce of the United States, to provide data to improve
training programs for in-demand industry sectors and occupations, and
for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
December 3, 2025
Mr. Banks (for himself, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Hickenlooper, and Mr. Husted)
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the
Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To better forecast and plan for the impact of artificial intelligence
on the workforce of the United States, to provide data to improve
training programs for in-demand industry sectors and occupations, and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``AI Workforce Projections, Research,
and Evaluations to Promote AI Readiness and Employment Act'' or the
``AI Workforce PREPARE Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.
(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) Artificial intelligence could cause significant shifts
in demand for workers, with some tasks or occupations becoming
automated or augmented and some tasks or occupations seeing
increased demand.
(2) Policymakers, training providers and educators, and
workers require better data and forecasts to anticipate and
mitigate worker dislocation or potential worker shortages due
to artificial intelligence.
(3) Closing data and forecasting gaps relating to the
impact of artificial intelligence on the workforce (including
the impact on jobs) will help the United States prepare its
workforce for technology that enhances the Nation's economic
competitiveness and national security.
(b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
(1) to measure the evolving capabilities of artificial
intelligence with respect to automating or augmenting tasks or
occupations;
(2) to collect information on artificial intelligence
adoption and artificial intelligence-related layoffs through
existing Federal surveys, voluntary industry reporting, and
improved disclosures under the Worker Adjustment and Retraining
Notification Act;
(3) to produce short- and medium-term occupational
employment forecasts that include prediction intervals
reflecting uncertainty about the trajectory of artificial
intelligence;
(4) to build the Federal Government's technical capacity
through temporary hiring authority for qualified technology
talent; and
(5) to inform policy concerning reforms of grantmaking for
training programs, as well as other potential policy reforms.
SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.
In this Act:
(1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
intelligence'' has the meaning given the term in section 5002
of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020
(15 U.S.C. 9401).
(2) Secretary.--Except as otherwise provided, the term
``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Labor.
(3) Training program.--The term ``training program'' means
a program of workforce investment activities as defined in
section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29
U.S.C. 3102) or another training program administered by the
Secretary of Labor.
TITLE I--DATA ACCESS, STUDIES, AND GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL TALENT
SEC. 101. INFORMATION COLLECTION AND DISCUSSION.
(a) Request for Comment.--
(1) Request.--Not later than 45 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall make available, on a
publicly accessible website of the Department of Labor, a
request for comment, to allow interested persons to submit
views on the best means of implementing this Act.
(2) Comment period.--The comment period during which
interested persons may submit such views shall be 60 days.
(3) Topics.--In making the request under paragraph (1), the
Secretary shall solicit written views on--
(A) the design and implementation of data
collection, forecasting, and other tools directed or
authorized by this Act (such as new survey questions,
prize competitions, statements required under section
3(e) of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining
Notification Act (29 U.S.C. 2102(e)), as added by
section 204, and data-sharing efforts directed under
section 202), including details on--
(i) which data, tools, data-sharing
partnerships, or deeper analyses (such as
generation of statistical series under section
104 of occupations specified under section
104(a)(3) and prediction intervals under
section 301 for occupations listed under
section 301(a)(1)) would be highly valuable for
improving forecasts or policymaking under this
Act; and
(ii) cost-effective methods for collecting
valid, timely, and reliable data, developing
tools, or otherwise implementing this Act;
(B) cost-effective reforms to increase researchers'
access to data from the Bureau of the Census, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, and other Federal agencies,
including researcher access to data at the individual
unit or record level, in a manner that is secure and
protects the privacy of persons with information
contained in the data, including requiring researcher
compliance with such regulations as the Secretary may
require based on section 552a of title 5, United States
Code (commonly known as the ``Privacy Act of 1974'');
(C) best practices in forecasting the impact of
artificial intelligence on the workforce, including
ways in which the Department of Labor could improve the
accuracy and value of its occupational forecasts and
low-cost methods for producing benchmark forecasts such
as the forecast required under section 301(b)(4);
(D) how to improve the efficacy of programs of
grants for training programs in light of the potential
impact of artificial intelligence on the workforce;
(E) methods for qualitatively or quantitatively
evaluating the value of information from data
collection and forecasting directed or authorized by
this Act, to support effective prioritization of
efforts;
(F) appropriate data governance policies and
methods for maintaining the security of data collected
or aggregated during implementation of this Act; and
(G) other topics that are determined to be
appropriate by the Secretary.
(4) Posting.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall make available, on a
publicly accessible website of the Department of Labor, the
comments received in response to the request described in
paragraph (1).
(b) Workshops.--
(1) Initial workshop.--
(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
convene an initial workshop, to discuss responses to
comments received under subsection (a) and discuss
important points of agreement or disagreement among
experts on the best means of implementing this Act.
(B) Participants.--The Secretary may limit the
workshop to invited participants and shall invite to
the workshop--
(i) as economic and technical experts--
(I) economists;
(II) technical experts on
artificial intelligence from academia
and nonprofit organizations;
(III) such technical experts from
industry and labor organizations;
(IV) researchers or practitioners
in scored forecasting involving expert
elicitation; and
(V) other experts as the Secretary
determines appropriate;
(ii) as representatives of entities that
will be significantly affected by the
implementation of this Act--
(I) a representative of the--
(aa) Census Bureau;
(bb) Office of Science and
Technology Policy;
(cc) Council of Economic
Advisers;
(dd) Center for AI
Standards and Innovation; and
(ee) Bureau of Economic
Analysis;
(II) representatives of labor
organizations; and
(III) State and Federal entities
that award or receive grants, including
grants under the Workforce Innovation
and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3101 et
seq.);
(iii) a representative of the Workforce
Information Advisory Council;
(iv) a representative of the Government
Accountability Office; and
(v) other stakeholders the Secretary
determines to be appropriate.
(C) Viewpoint representation.--In inviting
participants, the Secretary shall include experts who
hold materially different perspectives on the important
disagreements or uncertainties relevant to
implementation of this Act, such as the degree and rate
of artificial intelligence's impact on labor demand, so
the workshop participants can better detect important
disagreements and uncertainties relevant to that
implementation and identify information that could be
collected or produced to resolve them. The Secretary
shall not limit the invitations to individuals, or
representatives of entities, that responded to any
prior request for comment.
(D) Topics.--The Secretary shall provide
presentation time for groups of participants described
in subparagraph (B). The topics discussed at the
workshop shall include the topics described in
subsection (a)(3).
(E) Critical evaluation.--The workshop shall
feature at least one exercise to critically evaluate
the analytical assumptions of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics regarding the impact of artificial
intelligence on the workforce.
(F) Value of information.--The workshop
participants shall seek to quantify or rank the
expected value of information to be gained through
proposals for data collection, tool development, or
other policy reforms.
(G) Report.--
(i) Contents.--Not later than 45 days after
the end of the workshop, the Secretary shall
prepare and submit to Congress a report that--
(I) summarizes written comments
received under subsection (a) and
workshop discussions;
(II) identifies at least 5
datasets, metrics (including model
capability benchmarks), or analyses
that could be produced pursuant to this
Act or similar authorities within 2
years and that, if produced, would
provide the highest value of valid and
reliable information at a reasonable
cost, based on the Secretary's
evaluation of the input gathered under
this section; and
(III) lists recommendations made at
the workshop about agency actions,
timelines, and estimated costs, to
implement this Act.
(ii) Public availability.--On the same date
on which the report is submitted to Congress,
the Secretary shall publish the report on a
publicly accessible website of the Department
of Labor and disseminate such report to each
State workforce agency.
(iii) Anonymization.--In preparing the
report, the Secretary may anonymize information
as appropriate, to promote full and open
involvement of workshop participants.
(2) Subsequent workshops.--Beginning not later than 1 year
after the end of the initial workshop held under paragraph (1),
the Secretary shall host at least 1 subsequent workshop each
fiscal year. The requirements of subparagraphs (B) and (C) of
paragraph (1) shall not apply to such subsequent workshop. The
Secretary shall determine the participants of such workshops,
including choosing participants with diverse viewpoints.
(c) Nonapplication of Requirements.--The requirements of
subsections (a) and (b) shall not apply beginning on the date that is 5
years after the date of enactment of this Act.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $2,000,000 for
the period of fiscal years 2026 through 2030.
SEC. 102. ATTRACTING HIGHLY QUALIFIED EXPERTS IN ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE AND OTHER FIELDS.
(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to enable the
Department of Labor to rapidly recruit highly qualified experts in
artificial intelligence, machine learning, advanced data science, or
another area of expertise related to supporting the accomplishment of
the purposes of this Act.
(b) Appointment.--
(1) Definitions.--In this section:
(A) Competitive service.--The term ``competitive
service'' has the meaning given the term in section
2102 of title 5, United States Code.
(B) Covered individual.--The term ``covered
individual'' means an individual with the expertise
described in subsection (a).
(C) Excepted service.--The term ``excepted
service'' has the meaning given the term in section
2103 of title 5, United States Code.
(2) Authority.--The Secretary may, in accordance with the
requirements of this section, appoint a covered individual
(without regard to whether the covered individual occupies a
position in the competitive service on the day before that
appointment) to a position as an employee in the excepted
service in the Department of Labor.
(c) Compensation.--
(1) Basic pay.--The Secretary may, without regard to any
provision of title 5, United States Code, set the rate of basic
pay for a covered individual appointed under subsection (b) at
any rate that is not greater than the rate of basic pay for
step 10 of grade 15 of the General Schedule.
(2) Incentives and awards.--In addition to the authority of
the Secretary under paragraph (1), the Secretary may, without
regard to any provision of title 5, United States Code, provide
recruitment, relocation, and retention incentives and
performance awards in such amounts, at such times, in such
manner (including in lump-sum or installment payments), and
subject to such conditions as the Secretary considers
appropriate to recruit covered individual to positions
described in subsection (b) and retain and reward covered
individuals who are appointed under that subsection.
(3) Aggregate limitation.--Notwithstanding section 5307 of
title 5, United States Code, the aggregate amount paid to an
employee appointed under subsection (b) in any calendar year
for basic pay, locality-based comparability payments under
section 5304 or 5304a of that title, and incentives and awards
under paragraph (2) of this subsection may not exceed the total
annual compensation payable to the Vice President under section
104 of title 3, United States Code, as of the end of that
calendar year.
(d) Status.--A covered individual appointed under subsection (b)
may, in the discretion of the Secretary, be deemed an employee for
purposes of subchapters I, IV, and V of chapter 55 and chapters 73, 81,
83, 84, 87, 89, and 90 of title 5, United States Code.
(e) Exemptions.--Chapter 33, chapter 51, and subchapter III of
chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, shall not apply with respect
to an appointment made under this section or to a position to which a
covered individual is appointed under this section.
(f) Terms.--Each appointment shall be for a period of not more than
24 months, except that the Secretary may extend the appointment of an
i