[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2550 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
Calendar No. 239
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 2550
To provide for international cooperation to secure critical mineral
supply chains, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
July 30, 2025
Mrs. Shaheen (for herself and Mr. Curtis) introduced the following
bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign
Relations
October 30, 2025
Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
in italic]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To provide for international cooperation to secure critical mineral
supply chains, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Critical Minerals
Partnership Act of 2025''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF CRITICAL MINERAL.</DELETED>
<DELETED> In this Act, the term ``critical mineral''--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) has the meaning given the term in section 7002
of the Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606); and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) includes any other mineral or mineral material
determined by the Secretary of State--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) to be essential to the economic or
national security of the United States; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) to have a supply chain vulnerable to
disruption.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON CRITICAL MINERAL SUPPLY
CHAINS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> It is the policy of the United States--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) to collaborate with allies and partners of the
United States to build secure and resilient critical minerals
supply chains, including in the mining, processing, reclamation
and recycling, and valuation of critical minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) to prioritize the development and production
of critical mineral resources domestically, including through
improvement of systems for collecting and recycling critical
minerals from used and discarded goods or equipment, both to
supply domestic needs and for export to allies and partners
that participate in secure and resilient supply chains for
critical minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) to reduce or eliminate reliance and dependence
on critical mineral supply chains controlled by the People's
Republic of China, the Russian Federation, Iran, or any other
adversary of the United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) to work with allies and partners on enhancing
evaluation capability and technology in trusted countries that
produce critical minerals to avoid the export of critical
minerals, or products or components that are dependent on
critical minerals, that are controlled by adversaries of the
United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) to identify and implement market-based
incentives for the purposes of facilitating the creation and
maintenance of secure and resilient critical mineral supply
chains, including for reclamation and recycling of critical
mineral resources from waste streams, in collaboration with
allies and partners;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) to prioritize securing critical mineral supply
chains in United States foreign policy, including through the
use of economic tools to invest responsibly in projects in
partner countries in a manner that both benefits local
populations and bolsters the supply of critical minerals to the
United States and allies and partners of the United States;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) that collaboration with allies and partners to
build secure and resilient critical mineral supply chains shall
not replace United States efforts to increase domestic
development and production or recycling of critical
minerals.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 4. INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS RELATING TO PROTECTING
CRITICAL MINERAL SUPPLY CHAINS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--The President is authorized to negotiate
an agreement with international partners for the purposes of
establishing a coalition--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) to facilitate--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) the mining, processing, recycling, and
enhanced access to the supply of critical minerals;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) advanced manufacturing that relies on
the practical application of critical minerals;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) to secure an adequate supply of critical
minerals and relevant products, manufacturing inputs, and
components that are heavily dependent on critical mineral
resource inputs for the United States and other members of the
coalition (in this section referred to as ``member
countries'').</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Negotiating Objectives.--The overall objectives for
negotiating an agreement described in subsection (a) should be--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) to establish mechanisms for member countries
to build secure and resilient supply chains for critical
minerals, including in--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) the mining, refinement, reclamation
and recycling, processing, and valuation of critical
minerals; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) advanced manufacturing of products,
components, and materials that are dependent on
critical minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) to improve economies of scale and joint
cooperation with international partners in securing access and
means of production throughout the supply chains of critical
minerals and manufacturing processes dependent on critical
minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) to establish mechanisms, with appropriate
market-based disciplines, that provide and maintain
opportunities among member countries for creating industry
economies of scale to attract joint investment among those
countries, including--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) cooperation on joint projects,
including cost-sharing on building appropriate
infrastructure to access deposits of critical minerals;
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) creation or enhancement of national
and international programs to support the development
of robust industries by providing appropriate sector-
specific incentives, such as political risk and other
insurance opportunities, financing, and other support,
for--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) mining and processing critical
minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) manufacturing of products,
components, and materials that are dependent on
critical minerals and are essential to consumer
technology products or have important national
security implications;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (iii) building capacities and
creating incentives for recovering used, spent,
or discarded equipment and consumer goods
containing critical minerals to be safely
handled and recycled; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (iv) associated transportation
needs that are tailored to the handling,
movement, and logistics management of critical
minerals and products, components, and
materials that are dependent on critical
minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) to establish market-based rules for member
countries regarding adoption of qualifying tax and other
incentives to stimulate investment, as balanced by market-based
disciplines to ensure a fair playing field among those
countries;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) to establish recommended best practices to
protect--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) labor rights;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the natural environment and ecosystems
near critical mineral industrial sites; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) safety of communities near critical
mineral industrial activities;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) to advance economic growth in developing
countries with critical mineral reserves and capacities for the
recovery and recycling of critical minerals, including for the
benefit of the citizens of those countries;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) to establish rules allowing for the
establishment of a consortium that is resourced and empowered
to bid and compete in acquiring and securing potential deposits
of critical minerals in countries that are not members of the
coalition described in subsection (a) (in this section referred
to as ``nonmember countries'');</DELETED>
<DELETED> (8) to establish a mechanism for joint resource
mapping with procedures for equitable sharing of information on
potential deposits of critical minerals not less frequently
than annually;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (9) to establish appropriate mechanisms for the
recognition and enforcement by a member country of judgments
relating to environmental and related harms caused by mining
operations within the territory of the member country in
contravention of that country's laws; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (10) to improve supply chain security among member
countries by providing for national treatment investment
protections among those countries that are equal to, or better
than, the standards in the United States model bilateral
investment treaty.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Congressional Consultations Required.--In the course
of negotiations described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall
consult closely and on a timely basis with, and keep fully apprised of
the negotiations, the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 5. MINERALS SECURITY PARTNERSHIP AUTHORIZATION.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, acting through
the Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the
Environment, is authorized to lead United States participation in the
Minerals Security Partnership, for the following purposes:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) To identify and support investment and
advocate for commercial critical mineral mining, processing,
and refining projects that enable robust and secure critical
mineral supply chains, in consultation with other Federal
agencies, as appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) To coordinate with relevant regional bureaus
to develop regional diplomatic engagement strategies related to
critical minerals projects and to identify projects that are
priorities.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) To coordinate with United States missions
abroad on projects, programs, and investments that enable
robust and secure critical mineral supply chains.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) To coordinate with current and prospective
members of the Minerals Security Partnership.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) To establish a mechanism for information-
sharing with members of the Minerals Security
Partnership.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) To establish policies and procedures, and if
necessary, to provide funding to facilitate cooperation on
joint projects with members of the Minerals Security
Partnership and the Minerals Security Forum, including those
related to cost-sharing agreements, political risk insurance,
financing, equity investments, and other support, in
coordination with other Federal agencies, as
appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) If an agreement described in section 4 is
entered into, to support the establishment of the coalition
described in that section.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Database.--As part of the Minerals Security
Partnership, the Secretary, acting through the Under Secretary, is
authorized to establish and maintain a database of critical mineral
projects for the purpose of providing high quality and up-to-date
information to the private sector and, at the discretion of the Under
Secretary, to members of the Minerals Security Partnership, in order to
spur greater investment, increase the resilience of global critical
minerals supply chains, and boost United States supply.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (c) Qualifications for Personnel.--With respect to
staffing personnel to carry out the Minerals Security Partnership, the
Secretary shall prioritize individuals with the following
qualifications:</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) Substantive knowledge and experience in issues
related to critical minerals supply chain and their application
to strategic industries, including in the defense, energy, and
technology sectors.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Substantive knowledge and experience in large-
scale multi-donor project financing and related technical and
diplomatic arrangements, international coalition-building, and
project management.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) Substantive knowledge and experience in trade
and foreign policy, defense industrial base policy, or national
security-sensitive supply chain issues.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (d) Private Sector Coordination.--The Secretary shall
ensure close coordination between the Department of State, the private
sector, and relevant civil society groups on the implementation of this
section.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (e) Project Selection.--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) In general.--The United States, through its
participation in the Minerals Security Partnership, shall
prioritize projects that advance the national and economic
security interests of the United States and allies and partners
of the United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) Criteria requirements.--The United States
should advocate for the Minerals Security Partnership to use
environmental, social, or governance standards, including as
criteria for project selection, that are consistent with United
States law or international agreements approved by
Congress.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 6. UNITED STATES MEMBERSHIP IN THE INTERNATIONAL NICKEL
STUDY GROUP.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) United States Membership.--The President is authorized
to accept the Terms of Reference of and maintain membership of the
United States in the International Nickel Study Group.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Payments of Assessed Contributions.--For fiscal year
2025 and thereafter, the United States assessed contributions to the
International Nickel Study Group may be paid from funds appropriated
for ``Contributions to International Organizations''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> There is authorized to be appropriated to the Department
of State $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 to enhance critical mineral
supply chain security, including to implement this Act.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Critical Minerals Partnership Act of
2025''.
SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF CRITICAL MINERAL.
In this Act, the term ``critical mineral''--
(1) has the meaning given the term in section 7002 of the
Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606); and
(2) includes--
(A) gold and copper; and
(B) any other mineral or mineral material
determined by the Secretary of State--
(i) to be essential to the economic or
national security of the United States; and
(ii) to have a supply chain vulnerable to
disruption.
SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON CRITICAL MINERAL SUPPLY CHAINS.
It is the policy of the United States--
(1) to collaborate with allies and partners of the United
States to responsibly build secure and resilient critical
minerals supply chains, including in the mining, processing,
reclamation and recycling, and valuation of critical minerals;
(2) to prioritize the development and production of
critical mineral resources domestically, including through
improvement of systems for collecting and recycling critical
minerals from used and discarded goods or equipment, both to
supply domestic needs and for export to allies and partners
that participate in secure and resilient supply chains for
critical minerals;
(3) to reduce or eliminate reliance and dependence on
critical mineral supply chains controlled by the People's
Republic of China, the Russian Federation, Iran, or any other
adversary of the United States;
(4) to work with allies and partners on enhancing
evaluation capability and technology in trusted countries that
produce critical minerals to avoid the export of critical
minerals, or products or components that are dependent on
critical minerals, that are controlled by adversaries of the
United States;