[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4710 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 4710

  To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, the Employee 
 Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and the Internal Revenue Code 
    of 1986 to increase penalties for group health plans and health 
     insurance issuers for practices that violate balance billing 
                 requirements, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             July 23, 2025

 Mr. Murphy (for himself, Mr. Panetta, Mr. Joyce of Pennsylvania, Ms. 
Schrier, Mr. Onder, and Mr. Ruiz) introduced the following bill; which 
 was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition 
to the Committees on Education and Workforce, and Ways and Means, for a 
 period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To amend title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, the Employee 
 Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and the Internal Revenue Code 
    of 1986 to increase penalties for group health plans and health 
     insurance issuers for practices that violate balance billing 
                 requirements, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``No Surprises Act Enforcement Act''.

SEC. 2. INCREASING PENALTIES FOR GROUP HEALTH PLANS AND HEALTH 
              INSURANCE ISSUERS FOR PRACTICES THAT VIOLATE BALANCE 
              BILLING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) PHSA.--Section 2723(b)(2)(C) of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 300gg-22(b)(2)(C)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (i), by inserting ``(or, in the case of such 
        a failure with respect to a provision specified in clause (iv), 
        $10,000 for each failure)'' after ``$100 for each day''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                            ``(iv) Provisions specified.--For purposes 
                        of clause (i), the provisions specified in this 
                        clause are the following:
                                    ``(I) Subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 
                                section 2799A-1(a)(1).
                                    ``(II) Clauses (i), (ii), (iii), 
                                and (v) of section 2799A-1(a)(1)(C).
                                    ``(III) Subparagraphs (A), (B), and 
                                (E) of section 2799A-1(b)(1).
                                    ``(IV) Paragraphs (1) and (2) of 
                                section 2799A-2(a).''.
    (b) ERISA.--Section 502 of the Employee Retirement Income Security 
Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1131) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(6), by striking ``or (9)'' and 
        inserting ``(9), or (12)'';
            (2) in subsection (b)(3)--
                    (A) by inserting ``, (c)(12),'' after ``subsections 
                (c)(9)''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or (c)(12)'' after ``under 
                subsection (c)(9)''; and
            (3) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following 
        new paragraph:
    ``(12) The Secretary may assess a civil penalty against any group 
health plan or health insurance issuer offering group health insurance 
coverage of not more than $10,000 for each individual with respect to 
which such plan or coverage fails to comply with one of the following 
provisions:
            ``(A) Subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 716(a)(1).
            ``(B) Clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and (v) of section 
        716(a)(1)(C).
            ``(C) Subparagraphs (A), (B), and (E) of section 716(b)(1).
            ``(D) Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 717(a).''.
    (c) IRC.--Section 4980D(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``(or, in the case of 
        such a failure with respect to a provision specified in 
        paragraph (4), $10,000 for each failure)'' after ``$100 for 
        each day in the noncompliance period''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(4) Provisions specified.--For purposes of paragraph (1), 
        the provisions specified in this paragraph are the following:
                    ``(A) Subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 
                9816(a)(1).
                    ``(B) Clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and (v) of section 
                9816(a)(1)(C).
                    ``(C) Subparagraphs (A), (B), and (E) of section 
                9816(b)(1).
                    ``(D) Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 9817(a).''.

SEC. 3. ADDITIONAL PENALTIES FOR LATE PAYMENT OR NON-PAYMENT AFTER IDR 
              ENTITY PAYMENT DETERMINATION.

    (a) PHSA.--
            (1) Emergency and nonemergency services.--Section 2799A-
        1(c)(6) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-
        111(c)(6)) is amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``; 
                penalty for late payment or non-payment'' after 
                ``payment'';
                    (B) by striking ``The total plan'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) Timing of payment.--The total plan'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (A), as so inserted, by adding 
                at the end the following new sentence: ``In the case 
                such determination is an amount less than the sum of 
                the initial payment for such item or service and any 
                cost sharing required to be paid by the individual 
                receiving such item or service, the nonparticipating 
                provider or facility furnishing such item or service 
                shall pay to such plan or coverage the difference 
                between such determination and such sum not later than 
                30 days after the date on which such determination is 
                made.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(B) Notification.--In the case of a plan or 
                coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or facility, 
                required to make a payment pursuant to a determination 
                described in subparagraph (A), such plan or coverage or 
                nonparticipating provider or facility shall submit to 
                the Secretary a notification of such payment as of the 
                date such payment is made in a manner specified by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) Penalty for late payment or non-payment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a plan or 
                        coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility, that has not made the required 
                        payment described in subparagraph (A) with 
                        respect to an item or service in the time 
                        period described in such subparagraph, in 
                        addition to making such payment, such plan or 
                        coverage or nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility shall also pay to the nonparticipating 
                        provider or facility or plan or coverage (as 
                        applicable) an amount that is three times the 
                        difference between--
                                    ``(I) the initial payment (or, in 
                                the case of a notice of denial of 
                                payment, $0) described in subsection 
                                (a)(1)(C)(iv)(I) or (b)(1)(C), as 
                                applicable; and
                                    ``(II) the out-of-network rate (as 
                                defined in subsection (a)(3)(K)) for 
                                such item or service (less any cost 
                                sharing required to be paid by the 
                                individual receiving such item or 
                                service).
                            ``(ii) Interest.--Any amount owed under 
                        clause (i) shall be subject to interest in a 
                        manner specified by the Secretary.''.
            (2) Air ambulance services.--Section 2799A-2(b)(6) of the 
        Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-112(b)(6)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``; 
                penalty for late payment or non-payment'' after 
                ``payment'';
                    (B) by striking ``The total plan'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) Timing of payment.--The total plan'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (A), as so inserted, by adding 
                at the end the following new sentence: ``In the case 
                such determination is an amount less than the sum of 
                the initial payment for such item or service and any 
                cost sharing required to be paid by the individual 
                receiving such item or service, the nonparticipating 
                provider or facility furnishing such item or service 
                shall pay to such plan or coverage the difference 
                between such determination and such sum not later than 
                30 days after the date on which such determination is 
                made.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(B) Notification.--In the case of a plan or 
                coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or facility, 
                required to make a payment pursuant to a determination 
                described in subparagraph (A), such plan or coverage or 
                nonparticipating provider or facility shall submit to 
                the Secretary a notification of such payment as of the 
                date such payment is made in a manner specified by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) Penalty for late payment or non-payment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a plan or 
                        coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility, that has not made the required 
                        payment described in subparagraph (A) with 
                        respect to an item or service in the time 
                        period described in such subparagraph, in 
                        addition to making such payment, such plan or 
                        coverage or nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility shall also pay to the nonparticipating 
                        provider or facility or plan or coverage (as 
                        applicable) an amount that is three times the 
                        difference between--
                                    ``(I) the initial payment (or, in 
                                the case of a notice of denial of 
                                payment, $0) described in subsection 
                                (a)(3)(A); and
                                    ``(II) the out-of-network rate (as 
                                defined in section 2799-1(a)(3)(K)) for 
                                such item or service (less any cost 
                                sharing required to be paid by the 
                                individual receiving such item or 
                                service).
                            ``(ii) Interest.--Any amount owed under 
                        clause (i) shall be subject to interest in a 
                        manner specified by the Secretary.''.
    (b) ERISA.--
            (1) Emergency and nonemergency services.--Section 716(c)(6) 
        of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 
        U.S.C. 1185e(c)(6)) is amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``; 
                penalty for late payment or non-payment'' after 
                ``payment'';
                    (B) by striking ``The total plan'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) Timing of payment.--The total plan'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (A), as so inserted, by adding 
                at the end the following new sentence: ``In the case 
                such determination is an amount less than the sum of 
                the initial payment for such item or service and any 
                cost sharing required to be paid by the individual 
                receiving such item or service, the nonparticipating 
                provider or facility furnishing such item or service 
                shall pay to such plan or coverage the difference 
                between such determination and such sum not later than 
                30 days after the date on which such determination is 
                made.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(B) Notification.--In the case of a plan or 
                coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or facility, 
                required to make a payment pursuant to a determination 
                described in subparagraph (A), such plan or coverage or 
                nonparticipating provider or facility shall submit to 
                the Secretary a notification of such payment as of the 
                date such payment is made in a manner specified by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) Penalty for late payment or non-payment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a plan or 
                        coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility, that has not made the required 
                        payment described in subparagraph (A) with 
                        respect to an item or service in the time 
                        period described in such subparagraph, in 
                        addition to making such payment, such plan or 
                        coverage or nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility shall also pay to the nonparticipating 
                        provider or facility or plan or coverage (as 
                        applicable) an amount that is three times the 
                        difference between--
                                    ``(I) the initial payment (or, in 
                                the case of a notice of denial of 
                                payment, $0) described in subsection 
                                (a)(1)(C)(iv)(I) or (b)(1)(C), as 
                                applicable; and
                                    ``(II) the out-of-network rate (as 
                                defined in subsection (a)(3)(K)) for 
                                such item or service (less any cost 
                                sharing required to be paid by the 
                                individual receiving such item or 
                                service).
                            ``(ii) Interest.--Any amount owed under 
                        clause (i) shall be subject to interest in a 
                        manner specified by the Secretary.''.
            (2) Air ambulance services.--Section 717(b)(6) of the 
        Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 
        1185f(b)(6)) is amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``; 
                penalty for late payment or non-payment'' after 
                ``payment'';
                    (B) by striking ``The total plan'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) Timing of payment.--The total plan'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (A), as so inserted, by adding 
                at the end the following new sentence: ``In the case 
                such determination is an amount less than the sum of 
                the initial payment for such item or service and any 
                cost sharing required to be paid by the individual 
                receiving such item or service, the nonparticipating 
                provider or facility furnishing such item or service 
                shall pay to such plan or coverage the difference 
                between such determination and such sum not later than 
                30 days after the date on which such determination is 
                made.''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(B) Notification.--In the case of a plan or 
                coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or facility, 
                required to make a payment pursuant to a determination 
                described in subparagraph (A), such plan or coverage or 
                nonparticipating provider or facility shall submit to 
                the Secretary a notification of such payment as of the 
                date such payment is made in a manner specified by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) Penalty for late payment or non-payment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of a plan or 
                        coverage, or a nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility, that has not made the required 
                        payment described in subparagraph (A) with 
                        respect to an item or service in the time 
                        period described in such subparagraph, in 
                        addition to making such payment, such plan or 
                        coverage or nonparticipating provider or 
                        facility shall also pay to the nonparticipating 
                        provider or facility or plan or coverage (as 
                        applicable) an amount that is three times the 
                        difference between--
                                    ``(I) the initial payment (or, in 
                                the case of a notice of denial of 
                                payment, $0) described in subsection 
                                (a)(3)(A); and
                                    ``(II) the out-of-network rate (as 
                                defined in section 716(a)(3)(K)) for 
                                such item or service (less any cost 
                                sharing required to be paid by the 
                                individual receiving such item or 
                                service).
                            ``(ii) Interest.--Any amount owed under 
                        clause (i) shall be subject to interest in a 
                        manner specified by the Secretary.''.
    (c) IRC.--
            (1) Emergency and nonemergency services.--Section 
        9816(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``; 
                penalty for