[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2234 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2234

To make improvements to the Emergency Solutions Grants and Continuum of 
                 Care programs, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              July 9, 2025

Mr. Rounds (for himself, Ms. Smith, Mr. Reed, and Mr. Crapo) introduced 
the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee 
                 on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To make improvements to the Emergency Solutions Grants and Continuum of 
                 Care programs, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Reducing Homelessness Through 
Program Reform Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Financial Services of the 
                House of Representatives.
            (2) At risk of homelessness.--The term ``at risk of 
        homelessness'' has the meaning given the term in section 401 of 
        the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360).
            (3) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Housing and Urban Development.
            (4) Homeless.--The term ``homeless'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 103 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless 
        Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11302).
            (5) Public housing agency.--The term ``public housing 
        agency'' has the meaning given the term in section 3(b) of the 
        United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)).
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'', except as otherwise 
        provided, means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

SEC. 3. ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS FOR THE EMERGENCY SOLUTIONS GRANTS 
              PROGRAM.

    Section 418 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 
U.S.C. 11378) is amended by striking ``7.5 percent'' and inserting ``10 
percent''.

SEC. 4. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONTINUUM OF CARE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle C of title IV of the McKinney-Vento 
Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11381 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 402(g) (42 U.S.C. 11360a(g))--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph 
                (3); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Time limit on designation.--The Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall accept applications for designation as 
                a unified funding agency annually or biennially, which 
                designation shall be effective for not more than 2 
                years; and
                    ``(B) may, on an annual or biennial basis, renew 
                any designation under subparagraph (A).'';
            (2) in section 422 (42 U.S.C. 11382)--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
                        inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) 2-year notification.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary may issue a notification of 
        funding availability for grants awarded under this subtitle 
        that provides funding for 2 successive fiscal years, which 
        shall--
                    ``(A) award funds for the second year of projects, 
                including adjustments under subsection (f), unless the 
                project is underperforming, as determined by the 
                collaborative applicant, and the collaborative 
                applicant applies to replace the project with a new 
                project; and
                    ``(B) include--
                            ``(i) the method for applying for and 
                        awarding projects to replace underperforming 
                        projects in year 2;
                            ``(ii) the method for applying for and 
                        awarding renewals of expiring grants for 
                        projects that were not eligible for renewal in 
                        the first fiscal year;
                            ``(iii) the method for allocating any 
                        amounts in the second fiscal year that are in 
                        excess of the amount needed to fund the second 
                        fiscal year of all grants awarded in the first 
                        fiscal year;
                            ``(iv) the method of applying for and 
                        awarding grants, which are 1-year transition 
                        grants awarded by the Secretary to project 
                        sponsors for activities under this subtitle to 
                        transition from 1 eligible activity to another 
                        eligible activity if the recipient--
                                    ``(I) has the consent of the 
                                continuum of care; and
                                    ``(II) meets standards determined 
                                by the Secretary;
                    ``(C) announce by notice the award of second fiscal 
                year funding and awards for new and renewal projects; 
                and
                    ``(D) identify the process by which the Secretary 
                may approve replacement of a collaborative applicant 
                that is not a unified funding agency to receive the 
                award in the second fiscal year.'';
                    (B) in subsection (c)(2)--
                            (i) by striking ``(A) In general.--Except 
                        as provided in subparagraph (B), the 
                        Secretary'' and inserting ``The Secretary''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (B); and
                    (C) in subsection (e), by striking ``1 year'' and 
                inserting ``2 years'';
            (3) in section 423(a) (42 U.S.C. 11383)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4), in the third sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``, at the discretion of 
                        the applicant and the project sponsor,''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``not more than'' before 
                        ``15 years'';
                    (B) in paragraph (7), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by inserting ``payment of not more 
                than 6 months of arrears for rent and utility 
                expenses,'' after ``moving costs,''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (10), by striking ``3 percent'' 
                and inserting ``the greater of $70,000 or 5 percent'';
            (4) in section 425 (42 U.S.C. 11385), by adding at the end 
        the following:
    ``(f) Adjustment of Costs.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this subsection, and on a biennial basis thereafter, the 
Comptroller General of the United States--
            ``(1) shall study the hiring, retention, and compensation 
        levels of the workforce providing the services described in 
        subsection (c), including executive directors, case managers, 
        and front line staff, and examine whether low compensation is 
        undermining program effectiveness;
            ``(2) shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees a report on any findings, and to the Secretary any 
        recommendations, as the Comptroller General considers 
        appropriate regarding funding levels for the cost of the 
        supportive services and the staffing to provide the services 
        described in subsection (c); and
            ``(3) in carrying out the study under paragraph (1), may 
        reference the Consumer Price Index or other similar surveys.'';
            (5) in section 426 (42 U.S.C. 11386), by adding at the end 
        the following:
    ``(h) Inspections.--When complying with inspection requirements for 
a housing unit provided to a homeless individual or family using 
assistance under this subtitle, the Secretary may allow a grantee to--
            ``(1) conduct a pre-inspection not more than 60 days before 
        leasing the unit;
            ``(2) conduct a remote or video inspection of the unit; and
            ``(3) allow the unit to be leased prior to completion of an 
        inspection if the unit passed an alternative Federal inspection 
        within the preceding 12-month period, so long as the unit is 
        inspected not later than 15 days after the start of the 
        lease.''; and
            (6) in section 430 (42 U.S.C. 11386d), by adding at the end 
        the following:
    ``(d) Costs Paid by Program Income.--With respect to grant amounts 
awarded under this subtitle, costs paid by the program income of a 
grant recipient may count toward the contributions required under 
subsection (a) if the costs--
            ``(1) are eligible expenses under this subtitle;
            ``(2) meet standards determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(3) supplement activities carried out by the recipient 
        under this subtitle.''.
    (b) Other Modifications.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the terms ``collaborative applicant'' and 
                ``eligible entity'' have the meanings given those terms 
                in section 401 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless 
                Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360); and
                    (B) the terms ``Indian tribe'' and ``tribally 
                designated housing entity'' have the meanings given 
                those terms in section 4 of the Native American Housing 
                Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 
                U.S.C. 4103).
            (2) Nonapplication of civil rights laws.--With respect to 
        the funds made available for the Continuum of Care program 
        authorized under subtitle C of title IV of the McKinney-Vento 
        Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11381 et seq.) under the 
        heading ``Homeless Assistance Grants'' in the Department of 
        Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public 
        Law 116-260) and under section 231 of the Department of Housing 
        and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 2020 (42 U.S.C. 
        11364a), title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 
        2000d et seq.) and title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 
        (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) shall not apply to applications by or 
        awards for projects to be carried out--
                    (A) on or off reservation or trust lands for awards 
                made to Indian tribes or tribally designated housing 
                entities; or
                    (B) on reservation or trust lands for awards made 
                to eligible entities.
            (3) Certification.--With respect to funds made available 
        for the Continuum of Care program authorized under subtitle C 
        of title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 
        U.S.C. 11381 et seq.) under the heading ``Homeless Assistance 
        Grants'' under section 231 of the Department of Housing and 
        Urban Development Appropriations Act, 2020 (42 U.S.C. 11364a)--
                    (A) applications for projects to be carried out on 
                reservations or trust land shall contain a 
                certification of consistency with an approved Indian 
                housing plan developed under section 102 of the Native 
                American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act 
                (25 U.S.C. 4112), notwithstanding section 106 of the 
                Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 
                U.S.C. 12706) and section 403 of the McKinney-Vento 
                Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11361);
                    (B) Indian tribes and tribally designated housing 
                entities that are recipients of awards for projects on 
                reservations or trust land shall certify that they are 
                following an approved housing plan developed under 
                section 102 of the Native American Housing Assistance 
                and Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 4112); and
                    (C) a collaborative applicant for a Continuum of 
                Care whose geographic area includes only reservation 
                and trust land is not required to meet the requirement 
                in section 402(f)(2) of the McKinney-Vento Homeless 
                Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360a(f)(2)).

SEC. 5. AMENDMENTS TO THE HOUSING CHOICE VOUCHER PROGRAM.

    Section 8(o) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 
1437f(o)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) Exceptions.--Notwithstanding subparagraph 
                (A)--
                            ``(i) a public housing agency may accept a 
                        third party income calculation and verification 
                        of family income for purposes of this 
                        subsection if--
                                    ``(I) the calculation and 
                                verification was completed for 
                                determination of income eligibility for 
                                a Federal program or service during the 
                                preceding 12-month period; and
                                    ``(II) there has been no change in 
                                income or family composition since the 
                                calculation and verification under 
                                clause (i); and
                            ``(ii) when using prior year income under 
                        section 3(a)(7)(B), a public housing agency 
                        shall use the income of the family as 
                        determined by the agency or owner for the prior 
                        calendar year or another 12-month period ending 
                        during the preceding 12 months, taking into 
                        consideration any redetermination of income 
                        between the start of such prior calendar year 
                        or other 12-month period and the date of the 
                        annual review.'';
            (2) in paragraph (8)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)(iii)--
                            (i) in the clause heading, by striking 
                        ``for interim period'';
                            (ii) in the first sentence--
                                    (I) by striking ``before'' and 
                                inserting ``without performing''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``has been 
                                completed'' and all that follows 
                                through ``subparagraph (B)''; and
                            (iii) in the second sentence, by striking 
                        ``subparagraph (D)'' and inserting 
                        ``subparagraphs (D) and (F)'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by adding at the end the 
                following: ``This subparagraph shall not apply with 
                respect to a dwelling unit for which the public housing 
                agency relied on an alternative inspection method under 
                subparagraph (E) as the initial inspection.''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``(I)'' after 
                                ``(i)'';
                                    (II) in subclause (I), as so 
                                designated, by striking ``and'' at the 
                                end; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(II) the public housing agency (or other 
                        entity pursuant to paragraph (11)) conducted 
                        the inspection during the preceding 12-month 
                        period when the unit was occupied by a previous 
                        tenant assisted under this subsection or was 
                        vacant; or
                            ``(III) the public housing agency--
                                    ``(aa) conducted a pre-inspection 
                                not more than 60 days before leasing a 
                                unit;
                                    ``(bb) conducted a remote or video 
                                inspection of a unit; or
                                    ``(cc) allowed a unit to be leased 
                                prior to completion of an inspection if 
                                the unit passed alternative inspection 
                                within the preceding 12-month period, 
                                so long as the unit is inspected not 
                                later than 15 days after the start of 
                                the lease; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(23) Use of housing assistance funds for deposits and 
        holding fees.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A public housing agency may use 
                current and prior year available housing assistance for 
                tenant-based rental assistance under this subsection 
                for--
                            ``(i) standard security deposits for rent, 
                        utilities, and any other deposits allowed by 
                        the Secretary that are necessary to lease a 
                        dwelling unit under this subsection; and
                            ``(ii) fees to hold an available dwelling 
                        unit under this subsection during the 
                        inspection and approval process.
                    ``(B) Maximum amount.--The maximum amount a public 
                housing agency may provide to or on behalf of a family 
                under clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A) is the 
                equivalent of 1 month's rent of the selected unit for 
                each of the purposes under those clauses.
                    ``(C) Allocation baseline.--Any funds used for the 
                purposes described in subparagraph (A) shall be part of 
                the allocation baseline for tenant-based contract 
                renewals.
                    ``(D) Cap.--The Secretary shall establish a cap to 
                limit the percentage of funds made available under a 
                housing assistance payment contract that a public