[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3289 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3289

     To establish a commission on fiscal responsibility and reform.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              May 8, 2025

   Mr. Huizenga (for himself, Mr. Peters, Mr. Timmons, Mr. Case, Mr. 
 Mills, Mr. Conaway, Mr. Bergman, Mr. Cuellar, Mr. Moore of Utah, Ms. 
Perez, Mr. Smith of Nebraska, Mr. Golden of Maine, Mr. Fitzpatrick, Mr. 
  Gray, Mr. Johnson of South Dakota, Mr. Landsman, Mr. Grothman, Mr. 
 Moskowitz, Mr. Schweikert, Mr. Quigley, Mr. Moolenaar, Ms. Scholten, 
 Mr. Rouzer, Mr. Schneider, Mrs. Houchin, Mr. Suozzi, Mr. Valadao, Mr. 
    Panetta, and Mr. Barr) introduced the following bill; which was 
    referred to the Committee on the Budget, and in addition to the 
 Committee on Rules, for a period to be subsequently determined by the 
  Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall 
           within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
     To establish a commission on fiscal responsibility and reform.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fiscal Commission Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Co-chair.--The term ``co-chair'' means an individual 
        appointed to serve as a co-chair of the Fiscal Commission under 
        section 3(a)(3)(B)(i).
            (2) Fiscal commission.--The term ``Fiscal Commission'' 
        means the commission established under section 3(a).
            (3) Implementing bill.--The term ``implementing bill'' 
        means a bill or joint resolution consisting solely of the 
        legislative text the Fiscal Commission approves and submits 
        under clauses (i) and (v), respectively, of section 3(a)(2)(B).
            (4) Outside expert.--The term ``outside expert'' is an 
        individual who is not an elected official or an officer or 
        employee of the Federal Government or of any State.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF FISCAL COMMISSION.

    (a) Establishment of Fiscal Commission.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, there is established in 
                Congress a Fiscal Commission.
                    (B) Goals.--The goals of the Commission shall be to 
                educate, and bring awareness to, the American public 
                about the fiscal path the Nation is on, including--
                            (i) educating the American people so they 
                        understand the fiscal state of the Nation and 
                        the cost of not addressing such state; and
                            (ii) informing the American people about 
                        the deterioration of our Nation's fiscal 
                        health, and that the debt poses a significant 
                        risk to the Nation's long-term fiscal 
                        sustainability with implications for future 
                        generations.
            (2) Duties.--
                    (A) Improve fiscal situation.--
                            (i) In general.--The Fiscal Commission 
                        shall identify policies to--
                                    (I) meaningfully improve the long-
                                term fiscal condition of the Federal 
                                Government, including reducing the debt 
                                and deficit;
                                    (II) achieve a sustainable ratio of 
                                the public debt of the Federal 
                                Government to the gross domestic 
                                product of the United States, which 
                                shall be not more than 100 percent, by 
                                fiscal year 2039; and
                                    (III) improve the solvency of 
                                Federal programs for which a Federal 
                                trust fund exists for a period of at 
                                least 75 years.
                            (ii) Requirements.--In carrying out clause 
                        (i), the Fiscal Commission shall, to the extent 
                        practicable, consider the budgetary effects of 
                        changes in economic output, employment, capital 
                        stock, and other macroeconomic variables 
                        resulting from public and private investments 
                        and propose recommendations that meaningfully 
                        improve the long-term fiscal condition of the 
                        Federal Government, including--
                                    (I) changes to address the current 
                                levels of discretionary appropriations, 
                                direct spending, and revenues and the 
                                gap between current revenues and 
                                expenditures of the Federal Government; 
                                and
                                    (II) changes to address the growth 
                                of discretionary appropriations, direct 
                                spending, and revenues and the gap 
                                between the projected revenues and 
                                expenditures of the Federal Government.
                            (iii) Recommendations of committees.--Not 
                        later than 60 days after the date described in 
                        paragraph (1), each committee of the Senate and 
                        the House of Representatives may transmit to 
                        the Fiscal Commission any recommendations of 
                        the committee relating to changes in law to 
                        further the duties described in clause (ii).
                            (iv) Interim report.--The Fiscal Commission 
                        may meet to consider, and vote on, an interim 
                        report on--
                                    (I) any findings, conclusions, or 
                                recommendations of the Fiscal 
                                Commission described in subparagraph 
                                (A)(i);
                                    (II) any findings or 
                                recommendations with respect to 
                                carrying out the goals described in 
                                paragraph (1)(B); and
                                    (III) as the Fiscal Commission 
                                determines appropriate, any findings 
                                resulting from any hearing held or 
                                evidence received by the Commission.
                    (B) Report identified policies.--
                            (i) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph 
                        (4)(D)(ii)(II), and consistent with clause 
                        (vi), not earlier than November 4, 2026, but 
                        not later than November 13, 2026, the Fiscal 
                        Commission shall meet to consider, and vote 
                        on--
                                    (I) a report that contains a 
                                detailed statement of the findings, 
                                conclusions, and recommendations of the 
                                Fiscal Commission described in 
                                subparagraph (A)(i) and the estimate of 
                                the Congressional Budget Office 
                                required under paragraph (4)(D)(ii); 
                                and
                                    (II) legislative language to carry 
                                out the recommendations of the Fiscal 
                                Commission in the report described in 
                                subclause (I), which shall include a 
                                statement of the economic and budgetary 
                                effects of the recommendations.
                            (ii) Approval of report and legislative 
                        language.--A report and legislative language of 
                        the Fiscal Commission under clause (i) shall 
                        require the approval of a majority of the 
                        members of the Fiscal Commission, provided that 
                        such majority shall be required to include not 
                        less than 2 members of the Fiscal Commission 
                        appointed by members of the Republican Party 
                        and 2 members appointed by members of the 
                        Democratic party.
                            (iii) Additional views.--
                                    (I) In general.--A member of the 
                                Fiscal Commission who gives notice of 
                                an intention to file supplemental, 
                                minority, or additional views at the 
                                time of the final Fiscal Commission 
                                vote on the approval of the report and 
                                legislative language of the Fiscal 
                                Commission under clause (i) shall be 
                                entitled to 3 days to file those views 
                                in writing with the staff director of 
                                the Fiscal Commission.
                                    (II) Inclusion in report.--Views 
                                filed under subclause (I) shall be 
                                included in the report of the Fiscal 
                                Commission under clause (i) and printed 
                                in the same volume, or part thereof, 
                                and such inclusion shall be noted on 
                                the cover of the report, except that, 
                                in the absence of timely notice, the 
                                report may be printed and transmitted 
                                immediately without such views.
                            (iv) Report and legislative language to be 
                        made public.--Upon the approval or disapproval 
                        of a report and legislative language under 
                        clause (i) by the Fiscal Commission, the Fiscal 
                        Commission shall promptly, and not more than 24 
                        hours after the approval or disapproval or, if 
                        timely notice is given under clause (iii), not 
                        more than 24 hours after additional views are 
                        filed under such clause, make the report, the 
                        legislative language, and a record of the vote 
                        on the report and legislative language 
                        available to the public.
                            (v) Submission of report and legislative 
                        language.--If a report and legislative language 
                        are approved by the Fiscal Commission under 
                        clause (i), not later than 3 days after the 
                        date on which the report and legislative 
                        language are made available to the public under 
                        clause (iv), the Fiscal Commission shall submit 
                        the report and legislative language to the 
                        President, the Vice President, the Speaker of 
                        the House of Representatives, and the majority 
                        and minority leaders of each House of Congress.
                            (vi) Extension.--The Fiscal Commission may 
                        extend the deadline set forth in clause (i) to 
                        April 13, 2027, if the Fiscal Commission 
                        determines that additional time is necessary to 
                        complete their duties under this Act. Such 
                        extension shall require the approval of a 
                        majority of the members of the Fiscal 
                        Commission, provided that such majority shall 
                        be required to include not less than 2 members 
                        of the Fiscal Commission appointed by members 
                        of the Republican Party and 2 members appointed 
                        by members of the Democratic party.
                    (C) Public awareness campaign.--Not later than 30 
                days after the date the Fiscal Commission submits the 
                report under paragraph (2)(B)(v), the Fiscal Commission 
                shall complete a national campaign to increase public 
                awareness and education with respect to the fiscal 
                condition of the Federal Government.
            (3) Membership.--
                    (A) In general.--The Fiscal Commission shall be 
                composed of 16 members appointed, not later than 14 
                days after the date described in paragraph (1) and with 
                due consideration to chairs and ranking minority 
                members of the committees and subcommittees of subject 
                matter jurisdiction (as applicable), as follows:
                            (i) 3 individuals from among the Members of 
                        the Senate, and 1 outside expert, appointed by 
                        the majority leader of the Senate.
                            (ii) 3 individuals from among the Members 
                        of the Senate, and 1 outside expert, appointed 
                        by the minority leader of the Senate.
                            (iii) 3 individuals from among the Members 
                        of the House of Representatives, and 1 outside 
                        expert, appointed by the Speaker of the House 
                        of Representatives.
                            (iv) 3 individuals from among the Members 
                        of the House of Representatives, and 1 outside 
                        expert, appointed by the minority leader of the 
                        House of Representatives.
                    (B) Co-chairs.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 14 days 
                        after the date described in paragraph (1), with 
                        respect to the Fiscal Commission--
                                    (I) the leadership of the Senate 
                                and House of Representatives of the 
                                same political party as the President 
                                shall appoint 1 individual from among 
                                the members of the Fiscal Commission 
                                who shall serve as a co-chair of the 
                                Fiscal Commission; and
                                    (II) the leadership of the Senate 
                                and House of Representatives of the 
                                opposite political party as the 
                                President shall appoint 1 individual 
                                from among the members of the Fiscal 
                                Commission who shall serve as a co-
                                chair of the Fiscal Commission.
                            (ii) Staff director.--With respect to the 
                        Fiscal Commission, the co-chairs of the Fiscal 
                        Commission, acting jointly, shall hire the 
                        staff director of the Fiscal Commission.
                    (C) Period of appointment.--
                            (i) In general.--The members of the Fiscal 
                        Commission shall be appointed for the life of 
                        the Fiscal Commission.
                            (ii) Vacancy.--
                                    (I) In general.--Any vacancy in the 
                                Fiscal Commission shall not affect the 
                                powers of the Fiscal Commission, but 
                                shall be filled not later than 14 days 
                                after the date on which the vacancy 
                                occurs, in the same manner as the 
                                original appointment was made.
                                    (II) Ineligible members.--If a 
                                member of the Fiscal Commission who was 
                                appointed as a Member of the Senate or 
                                the House Representatives ceases to be 
                                a Member of the Senate or the House of 
                                Representatives, as applicable--
                                            (aa) the member shall no 
                                        longer be a member of the 
                                        Fiscal Commission; and
                                            (bb) a vacancy in the 
                                        Fiscal Commission exists.
            (4) Administration.--
                    (A) In general.--With respect to the Fiscal 
                Commission, to enable the Fiscal Commission to exercise 
                the powers, functions, and duties of the Fiscal 
                Commission, there are authorized to be disbursed by the 
                Senate the actual and necessary expenses of the Fiscal 
                Commission approved by the co-chairs of the Fiscal 
                Commission, subject to the rules and regulations of the 
                Senate.
                    (B) Expenses.--With respect to the Fiscal 
                Commission, in carrying out the functions of the Fiscal 
                Commission, the Fiscal Commission is authorized to 
                incur expenses in the same manner and under the same 
                conditions as the Joint Economic Committee is 
                authorized under section 11(d) of the Employment Act of 
                1946 (15 U.S.C. 1024(d)).
                    (C) Quorum.--With respect to the Fiscal Commission, 
                7 members of the Fiscal Commission shall constitute a 
                quorum for purposes of voting, meeting, and holding 
                hearings. Outside experts shall not count for purposes 
                of determining whether there is a quorum under this 
                subparagraph.
                    (D) Voting.--
                            (i) Proxy voting.--No proxy voting shall be 
                        allowed on behalf of any member of the Fiscal 
                        Commission.
                            (ii) Congressional budget office 
                        estimates.--
                                    (I) In general.--The Director of