[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1431 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1431

 To amend the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act to improve 
 program requirements and direct certification, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 10, 2025

 Mr. Fetterman introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
   referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To amend the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act to improve 
 program requirements and direct certification, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``School Meal Modernization and Hunger 
Elimination Act''.

SEC. 2. DIRECT CERTIFICATION.

    Section 9(b) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1758(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4)(F)(iii)(II)(bb), by inserting ``in not 
        more than 3 school years'' after ``measures''; and
            (2) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
                ``Discretionary certification'' and inserting ``Direct 
                certification of additional low-income children'';
                    (B) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``may certify'' and inserting ``(including any 
                school operated by the Bureau of Indian Education) 
                shall certify'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by inserting a closing 
                parenthesis before the semicolon at the end;
                    (D) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end; and
                    (E) in subparagraph (E)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii)--
                                    (I) by striking ``who'' and 
                                inserting ``whom''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(iii) a child whose placement with a caregiver 
                was carried out with the involvement of an agency that 
                administers a State plan under part B or E of title IV 
                of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) or a 
                Tribal child welfare agency, without regard to whether 
                the agency is responsible for the care and placement of 
                the child;
                    ``(iv) a child for whom an adoption assistance 
                payment is made under section 473(a) of the Social 
                Security Act (42 U.S.C. 673(a)) or under a similar 
                State-funded or State-operated program, as determined 
                by the Secretary;
                    ``(v) a child for whom a kinship guardianship 
                assistance payment is made under section 473(d) of the 
                Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 673(d)) or under a 
                similar State-funded or State-operated program, as 
                determined by the Secretary, without regard to whether 
                the child was previously in foster care; or
                    ``(vi) a child of a family that--
                            ``(I) lives in housing dedicated to low-
                        income families with a caregiver who is a 
                        grandparent or another older person that cares 
                        for the child full-time; or
                            ``(II) receives housing or housing 
                        assistance under the Native American Housing 
                        Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 
                        (25 U.S.C. 4101 et seq.); or
                    ``(F) a child who receives supplemental security 
                income payments under title XVI of the Social Security 
                Act (42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.).''.

SEC. 3. ELIGIBILITY OF TRANSFERRED CHILDREN; RETROACTIVE REIMBURSEMENT.

    Section 9(b)(9) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(9)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (D);
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
                    ``(C) Eligibility of transferred children.--
                            ``(i) Definition of covered child.--In this 
                        subparagraph, the term `covered child' means a 
                        child that--
                                    ``(I) has been determined eligible 
                                for free or reduced price meals under 
                                this Act by a local educational agency 
                                (referred to in this subparagraph as 
                                the `original local educational 
                                agency'); and
                                    ``(II) transfers to another school 
                                that is under the jurisdiction of a 
                                different local educational agency 
                                (referred to in this subparagraph as 
                                the `new local educational agency').
                            ``(ii) Eligibility.--An eligibility 
                        determination made by an original local 
                        educational agency with respect to a covered 
                        child shall be transferred to, and honored by, 
                        the new local educational agency, including the 
                        period for which that determination was 
                        authorized, subject to an extension under 
                        clause (iii).
                            ``(iii) Extension of duration.--A new local 
                        educational agency shall honor the eligibility 
                        determination for a covered child under clause 
                        (ii) for a period that is 1 year longer than 
                        the period for which that determination was 
                        authorized by the original local educational 
                        agency if the covered child began living with a 
                        caregiver--
                                    ``(I) during the 12-month period 
                                preceding the date on which the covered 
                                child is enrolled in a school under the 
                                jurisdiction of a new local educational 
                                agency; and
                                    ``(II) who is a grandparent or 
                                other relative and--
                                            ``(aa) has legal authority 
                                        to secure services for the 
                                        child through an educational or 
                                        healthcare consent affidavit, 
                                        power of attorney, or other 
                                        legal documentation; or
                                            ``(bb) has legal custody of 
                                        the child or has commenced the 
                                        process of seeking legal 
                                        custody of the child in a court 
                                        of law.'';
            (3) in subparagraph (D) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as 
                subclauses (I) and (II), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (B) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``Except as'' and all that 
                follows through ``(3)(H)(ii)'' and inserting the 
                following:
                            ``(i) In general.--Except as otherwise 
                        specified in clause (ii), subparagraph (C), 
                        subparagraphs (E) and (H)(ii) of paragraph 
                        (3)''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) Extension for certain children.--A 
                        school food authority shall extend the 
                        eligibility determination made by a local 
                        educational agency with respect to a child for 
                        a period that is 1 year longer than the period 
                        for which that determination was authorized by 
                        the local educational agency, if the child 
                        began living with a caregiver--
                                    ``(I) during the 12-month period 
                                preceding the date on which the covered 
                                child is enrolled in the new school; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) who is a grandparent or 
                                other relative and--
                                            ``(aa) has legal authority 
                                        to secure services for the 
                                        child through an educational or 
                                        healthcare consent affidavit, 
                                        power of attorney, or other 
                                        legal documentation; or
                                            ``(bb) has legal custody of 
                                        the child or has commenced the 
                                        process of seeking legal 
                                        custody of the child in a court 
                                        of law.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) Retroactive reimbursement.--
                            ``(i) Definitions.--In this subparagraph:
                                    ``(I) Change in eligibility.--The 
                                term `change in eligibility' means, 
                                with respect to eligibility for the 
                                school lunch program under this Act--
                                            ``(aa) a change from 
                                        eligibility for reduced price 
                                        meals to eligibility for free 
                                        meals; and
                                            ``(bb) a change from 
                                        noneligibility to eligibility 
                                        for free or reduced price 
                                        meals.
                                    ``(II) Meal claim.--The term `meal 
                                claim' means any documentation provided 
                                by a school food authority to a State 
                                agency in order to receive 
                                reimbursement under this Act for the 
                                cost of a meal served to a child by the 
                                school food authority.
                                    ``(III) Previously submitted.--The 
                                term `previously submitted', with 
                                respect to a meal claim, means a meal 
                                claim submitted on or after the 
                                retroactive date.
                                    ``(IV) Retroactive date.--The term 
                                `retroactive date' means the first day 
                                of the current school year.
                            ``(ii) Retroactivity.--
                                    ``(I) Submission of meal claims.--A 
                                local educational agency shall--
                                            ``(aa) revise and resubmit 
                                        a previously submitted meal 
                                        claim to reflect a change in 
                                        eligibility described in 
                                        subclause (i)(I)(aa) of a 
                                        child; and
                                            ``(bb) submit a meal claim 
                                        for any meal provided on or 
                                        after the retroactive date for 
                                        a child that has a change of 
                                        eligibility described in 
                                        subclause (i)(I)(bb).
                                    ``(II) Reimbursement by 
                                secretary.--The Secretary shall 
                                reimburse each meal claim submitted by 
                                a local educational agency under 
                                subclause (I).
                            ``(iii) Reimbursement to families.--A local 
                        educational agency that receives a 
                        reimbursement under clause (ii)(II) shall 
                        reimburse the household of a child for any fees 
                        paid by the household on or after the 
                        retroactive date and prior to the change in 
                        eligibility of the child.''.

SEC. 4. EXPANDING AUTOMATIC ELIGIBILITY.

    (a) In General.--Section 9(b)(12)(A) of the Richard B. Russell 
National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(12)(A)) is amended--
            (1) by conforming the margins of clauses (iv) through (vii) 
        to the margin of clause (iii); and
            (2) in clause (vii)--
                    (A) in subclause (I), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subclause (II)--
                            (i) by striking ``who'' and inserting 
                        ``whom''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(III) a child whose placement with a 
                        caregiver was carried out with the involvement 
                        of an agency that administers a State plan 
                        under part B or E of title IV of the Social 
                        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) or a 
                        Tribal child welfare agency, without regard to 
                        whether the agency is responsible for the care 
                        and placement of the child;
                            ``(IV) a child for whom an adoption 
                        assistance payment is made under section 473(a) 
                        of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 673(a)) 
                        or under a similar State-funded or State-
                        operated program, as determined by the 
                        Secretary;
                            ``(V) a child for whom a kinship 
                        guardianship assistance payment is made under 
                        section 473(d) of the Social Security Act (42 
                        U.S.C. 673(d)) or under a similar State-funded 
                        or State-operated program, as determined by the 
                        Secretary, without regard to whether the child 
                        was previously in foster care; or
                            ``(VI) a child of a family that--
                                    ``(aa) lives in housing dedicated 
                                to low-income families with a caregiver 
                                who is a grandparent or another older 
                                person that cares for the child full-
                                time; or
                                    ``(bb) receives housing or housing 
                                assistance under the Native American 
                                Housing Assistance and Self-
                                Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 
                                4101 et seq.).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 9(d)(2) of the Richard B. 
Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(d)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``(iv) or (v)'' and 
        inserting ``(ii), (iii), (iv), (v), or (vii)'';
            (2) in subparagraph (E), by adding ``or'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (3) by striking subparagraph (F); and
            (4) by redesignating subparagraph (G) as subparagraph (F) 
        and conforming the margin of the subparagraph appropriately.

SEC. 5. UNIVERSAL MEDICAID DIRECT CERTIFICATION.

    Section 9(b)(15) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(15)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A)--
                    (A) by striking clause (i) and inserting the 
                following:
                            ``(i) Eligible child.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The term 
                                `eligible child' means a child who--
                                            ``(aa)(AA) is eligible for 
                                        and receiving medical 
                                        assistance under the Medicaid 
                                        program; and
                                            ``(BB) is a member of a 
                                        family with an income as 
                                        measured by the Medicaid 
                                        program that does not exceed, 
                                        in the case of eligibility for 
                                        free meals, 133 percent of the 
                                        poverty line (as defined in 
                                        section 673(2) of the Community 
                                        Services Block Grant Act (42 
                                        U.S.C. 9902(2)), including any 
                                        revision required by such 
                                        section) applicable to a family 
                                        of the size used for purposes 
                                        of determining eligibility for 
                                        the Medicaid program, or, in 
                                        the case of eligibility for 
                                        reduced price meals, the 
                                        applicable family size income 
                                        level under the income 
                                        eligibility guidelines for 
                                        reduced price meals; or
                                            ``(bb) is a member of a