[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 6213 Reported in House (RH)]

<DOC>





                                                 Union Calendar No. 510
118th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 6213

                          [Report No. 118-612]

   To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            November 3, 2023

  Mr. Lucas (for himself, Ms. Lofgren, Mr. Collins, Ms. Stevens, Mr. 
    Williams of New York, Mr. Bowman, Mr. Babin, Mr. Sorensen, Mr. 
 Obernolte, Mrs. Foushee, Mr. Miller of Ohio, and Ms. Ross) introduced 
  the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, 
                         Space, and Technology

                             July 25, 2024

  Additional sponsors: Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Casten, Mr. Baird, Mr. 
  Mullin, Mr. Mike Garcia of California, Ms. Salinas, Ms. Tenney, Mr. 
 Jackson of North Carolina, Mr. Kean of New Jersey, Ms. Bonamici, Mr. 
   Wittman, Mr. Feenstra, Ms. Lee of Pennsylvania, Ms. Caraveo, Mrs. 
Sykes, Mr. Morelle, Mr. Neguse, Ms. Norton, Mr. Thanedar, Mr. Thompson 
              of Pennsylvania, Ms. DelBene, and Mr. Allred

                             July 25, 2024

  Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
       House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]
    [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on 
                           November 3, 2023]


_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other 
                               purposes.


 


    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Quantum Initiative 
Reauthorization Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) 
is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), the 
        first paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the 
        ``Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications''), and 
        the second paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the 
        ``Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science'') as paragraphs 
        (7), (9), (12), (13), (15), and (16), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new 
        paragraphs:
            ``(4) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
        Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
            ``(5) Foreign country of concern.--The term `foreign 
        country of concern' means--
                    ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as such 
                term is defined in section 4872(d) of title 10, United 
                States Code); and
                    ``(B) any country that the Secretary of Commerce, 
                in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the 
                Secretary of State, and the Director of National 
                Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that 
                is detrimental to the national security or foreign 
                policy of the United States.
            ``(6) Foreign entity of concern.--The term `foreign entity 
        of concern' means a foreign entity that is--
                    ``(A) designated as a foreign terrorist 
                organization by the Secretary of State under section 
                219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1189(a));
                    ``(B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the `SDN list');
                    ``(C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as such term is 
                defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States 
                Code);
                    ``(D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                            ``(i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the `Espionage Act');
                            ``(ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, 
                        United States Code;
                            ``(iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United 
                        States Code (commonly known as the `Economic 
                        Espionage Act of 1996');
                            ``(iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 
                        U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);
                            ``(v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of 
                        the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 
                        2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                            ``(vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 
                        2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                            ``(vii) the International Emergency 
                        Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); 
                        or
                    ``(E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in 
                unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the 
                national security or foreign policy of the United 
                States.'';
            (3) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``(a)'' each place it appears;
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (7), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraph:
            ``(8) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).'';
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraphs:
            ``(10) Quantum applications.--The term `quantum 
        applications' means applications that use quantum information 
        science engineering and technology, including quantum 
        algorithms and software, quantum computing and quantum-
        classical hybrids, quantum sensing, quantum networking, quantum 
        encryption, or quantum communications applications.
            ``(11) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' 
        means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, 
        including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that 
        utilize a variety of qubit architectures, such as 
        superconducting, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, spin 
        atoms, or spin electrons.'';
            (6) by amending paragraph (12), as so redesignated, to read 
        as follows:
            ``(12) Quantum information science, technology, and 
        engineering.--The term `quantum information science, 
        technology, and engineering' means the understanding, 
        translation, use, or application of the laws of quantum physics 
        for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, 
        simulation, or measurement of information.''; and
            (7) by inserting after paragraph (13), as so redesignated, 
        the following new paragraph:
            ``(14) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the academic and 
        professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering, 
        and mathematics, including computer science.''.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    Section 3 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8802) 
is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``science and its technology applications'' and inserting 
        ``science, engineering, and technology'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``science and technology'' and inserting 
                ``science, engineering, and technology'';
                    (B) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as 
                follows:
                    ``(A) to expand the number of researchers, 
                educators, and students with training in quantum 
                information science, engineering, and technology to 
                develop a domestic workforce pipeline and retain 
                international talent to the extent consistent with 
                national security and international competitiveness;'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``science at 
                the'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                technology at the primary, secondary,'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``basic'';
                    (E) in subparagraph (D)--
                            (i) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraphs:
                    ``(F) to support development of quantum 
                applications, including quantum-hybrid applications, to 
                promote innovation and commercialization; and
                    ``(G) to support technologies, including artificial 
                intelligence, that could benefit from or benefit the 
                development of quantum technology and promote research, 
                development, demonstration, and application of such 
                technologies in quantum information science, 
                engineering, and technology.'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science and 
        technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
        technology'';
            (4) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and 
        technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
        technology'';
            (5) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by inserting ``National Laboratories,'' after 
                ``Federal laboratories,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
            (6) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``partnerships, research 
                        collaborations, and'' after ``international''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``science and technology 
                        security'' and inserting ``science, 
                        engineering, and technology'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, social benefit,'' 
                        after ``innovation''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(C) to facilitate cooperative investment in 
                quantum capabilities between the United States and its 
                allies and partners to strengthen and secure the 
                domestic supply chain and related ecosystem; and''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) improving the maturity, scale, and short- and long-
        term viability of the quantum technology industry, including 
        small and medium-sized businesses and startups representing a 
        diversity of quantum specialties, and commercialization of 
        domestic quantum capacity across modalities.''.

SEC. 4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM.

    Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative 
Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting 
                ``research development, and near- and medium-term, and 
                long-term demonstration'';
                    (B) by striking ``information science and 
                technology''; and
                    (C) by inserting ``in diverse sectors'' after 
                ``applications'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``fundamental'';
                    (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and 
                inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and
                    (C) by inserting ``infrastructure,'' after 
                ``demonstration,'';
            (3) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and retain'' after ``to 
                develop''; and
                    (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and 
                inserting ``science, engineering, and technology'';
            (4) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) provide for interagency planning and coordination of 
        Federal quantum information science, engineering, and 
        technology research, development, demonstration, standards 
        engagement, and other activities under the Program, including 
        activities authorized pursuant to section 234 of the John S. 
        McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
        (10 U.S.C. 4001 note), quantum educational activities and 
        programs authorized pursuant to section 10661 of the Research 
        and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
        19261), and activities conducted at any Federal laboratory;''; 
        and
            (5) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) by striking ``industry and universities'' and 
                inserting ``industry, universities, and strategic 
                allies''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, including human resources'' 
                after ``resources''.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION OFFICE.

    Section 102 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8812) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by inserting ``who shall be'' before 
                        ``appointed''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and who shall serve a 
                        four year term, subject to renewal'' before the 
                        semicolon; and
                    (B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as 
                follows:
                    ``(B) staff comprised of employees detailed from 
                the Federal departments and agencies specified in 
                section 103(b).''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and 
                technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                technology research and workforce'';
                    (B) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (C) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``;'';
                    (D) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures 
        or consortia established under this Act;'';
                    (E) in paragraph (7), by inserting ``nonprofit 
                research organizations,'' after ``universities,''; and
                    (F) by adding after paragraph (7), the following 
                new paragraphs:
            ``(8) promote understanding and adoption of quantum 
        capabilities throughout the United States economy as 
        appropriate; and
            ``(9) track and promote policies that will ensure stability 
        of the United States quantum workforce, quantum supply chain, 
        domestic quantum industry, and international trade.''.

SEC. 6. SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE.

    Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (8), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph 
                (14); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following 
                new paragraphs:
            ``(9) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            ``(10) the Department of State;
            ``(11) the Department of Homeland Security;
            ``(12) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
            ``(13) the Department of Education; and'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the quantum 
                information science and technology research'' and 
                inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, 
                and technology research and quantum application 
                development, demonstration, and commercialization'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``, engineering, 
                and technology'' after ``science'';
                    (C) in paragraph (5),
                            (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and 
                        technology'' after ``science''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``and conduct comparative 
                        benchmarking of Federal investments and 
                        research strategies relative to those of our 
                        strategic partners and other countries'' after 
                        ``development efforts'';
                    (D) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) by striking ``science and technology'' 
                        and inserting ``science, engineering, and 
                        technology''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                    (E) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, engineering and 
                        technology'' after ``science''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and
                    (F) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(8) facilitate interagency partnership opportunities to 
        advance quantum applications related to environment, advanced 
        manufacturing, biotechnology, space, and other sectors.'';
            (3) in subsection (h)(2)(A), by inserting ``, including a 
        description of agency roles and responsibilities'' before the 
        period; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(i) Quantum Use Cases.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Subcommittee shall identify