[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 6213 Reported in House (RH)] <DOC> Union Calendar No. 510 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 6213 [Report No. 118-612] To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES November 3, 2023 Mr. Lucas (for himself, Ms. Lofgren, Mr. Collins, Ms. Stevens, Mr. Williams of New York, Mr. Bowman, Mr. Babin, Mr. Sorensen, Mr. Obernolte, Mrs. Foushee, Mr. Miller of Ohio, and Ms. Ross) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology July 25, 2024 Additional sponsors: Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Casten, Mr. Baird, Mr. Mullin, Mr. Mike Garcia of California, Ms. Salinas, Ms. Tenney, Mr. Jackson of North Carolina, Mr. Kean of New Jersey, Ms. Bonamici, Mr. Wittman, Mr. Feenstra, Ms. Lee of Pennsylvania, Ms. Caraveo, Mrs. Sykes, Mr. Morelle, Mr. Neguse, Ms. Norton, Mr. Thanedar, Mr. Thompson of Pennsylvania, Ms. DelBene, and Mr. Allred July 25, 2024 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on November 3, 2023] _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act''. SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), the first paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the ``Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications''), and the second paragraph (8) (relating to the definition of the ``Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science'') as paragraphs (7), (9), (12), (13), (15), and (16), respectively; (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraphs: ``(4) Federal laboratory.--The term `Federal laboratory' has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson- Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703). ``(5) Foreign country of concern.--The term `foreign country of concern' means-- ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872(d) of title 10, United States Code); and ``(B) any country that the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Director of National Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States. ``(6) Foreign entity of concern.--The term `foreign entity of concern' means a foreign entity that is-- ``(A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a)); ``(B) included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the `SDN list'); ``(C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States Code); ``(D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under-- ``(i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the `Espionage Act'); ``(ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United States Code; ``(iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the `Economic Espionage Act of 1996'); ``(iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.); ``(v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284); ``(vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or ``(vii) the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or ``(E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.''; (3) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by striking ``(a)'' each place it appears; (4) by inserting after paragraph (7), as so redesignated, the following new paragraph: ``(8) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).''; (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, the following new paragraphs: ``(10) Quantum applications.--The term `quantum applications' means applications that use quantum information science engineering and technology, including quantum algorithms and software, quantum computing and quantum- classical hybrids, quantum sensing, quantum networking, quantum encryption, or quantum communications applications. ``(11) Quantum computing.--The term `quantum computing' means any of a variety of quantum computing technologies, including quantum annealing and quantum gate-model systems that utilize a variety of qubit architectures, such as superconducting, ion traps, photonics, neutral atoms, spin atoms, or spin electrons.''; (6) by amending paragraph (12), as so redesignated, to read as follows: ``(12) Quantum information science, technology, and engineering.--The term `quantum information science, technology, and engineering' means the understanding, translation, use, or application of the laws of quantum physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, simulation, or measurement of information.''; and (7) by inserting after paragraph (13), as so redesignated, the following new paragraph: ``(14) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the academic and professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.''. SEC. 3. PURPOSES. Section 3 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8802) is amended-- (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``science and its technology applications'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (2) in paragraph (1)-- (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ``(A) to expand the number of researchers, educators, and students with training in quantum information science, engineering, and technology to develop a domestic workforce pipeline and retain international talent to the extent consistent with national security and international competitiveness;''; (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``science at the'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology at the primary, secondary,''; (D) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``basic''; (E) in subparagraph (D)-- (i) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; and (F) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs: ``(F) to support development of quantum applications, including quantum-hybrid applications, to promote innovation and commercialization; and ``(G) to support technologies, including artificial intelligence, that could benefit from or benefit the development of quantum technology and promote research, development, demonstration, and application of such technologies in quantum information science, engineering, and technology.''; (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (4) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (5) in paragraph (4)-- (A) by inserting ``National Laboratories,'' after ``Federal laboratories,''; and (B) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (6) in paragraph (5)-- (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)-- (i) by inserting ``partnerships, research collaborations, and'' after ``international''; and (ii) by striking ``science and technology security'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (B) in subparagraph (A)-- (i) by inserting ``, social benefit,'' after ``innovation''; and (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period and inserting ``; and''; and (D) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: ``(C) to facilitate cooperative investment in quantum capabilities between the United States and its allies and partners to strengthen and secure the domestic supply chain and related ecosystem; and''; and (7) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ``(6) improving the maturity, scale, and short- and long- term viability of the quantum technology industry, including small and medium-sized businesses and startups representing a diversity of quantum specialties, and commercialization of domestic quantum capacity across modalities.''. SEC. 4. NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM. Subsection (b) of section 101 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8811) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by striking ``development'' and inserting ``research development, and near- and medium-term, and long-term demonstration''; (B) by striking ``information science and technology''; and (C) by inserting ``in diverse sectors'' after ``applications''; (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by striking ``fundamental''; (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (C) by inserting ``infrastructure,'' after ``demonstration,''; (3) in paragraph (3)-- (A) by inserting ``and retain'' after ``to develop''; and (B) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; (4) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: ``(4) provide for interagency planning and coordination of Federal quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, development, demonstration, standards engagement, and other activities under the Program, including activities authorized pursuant to section 234 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note), quantum educational activities and programs authorized pursuant to section 10661 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 19261), and activities conducted at any Federal laboratory;''; and (5) in paragraph (5)-- (A) by striking ``industry and universities'' and inserting ``industry, universities, and strategic allies''; and (B) by inserting ``, including human resources'' after ``resources''. SEC. 5. NATIONAL QUANTUM COORDINATION OFFICE. Section 102 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8812) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(2)-- (A) in subparagraph (A)-- (i) by inserting ``who shall be'' before ``appointed''; and (ii) by inserting ``, and who shall serve a four year term, subject to renewal'' before the semicolon; and (B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) staff comprised of employees detailed from the Federal departments and agencies specified in section 103(b).''; and (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology research and workforce''; (B) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (C) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``;''; (D) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: ``(4) ensure coordination among the collaborative ventures or consortia established under this Act;''; (E) in paragraph (7), by inserting ``nonprofit research organizations,'' after ``universities,''; and (F) by adding after paragraph (7), the following new paragraphs: ``(8) promote understanding and adoption of quantum capabilities throughout the United States economy as appropriate; and ``(9) track and promote policies that will ensure stability of the United States quantum workforce, quantum supply chain, domestic quantum industry, and international trade.''. SEC. 6. SUBCOMMITTEE ON QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE. Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (8), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (B) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (14); and (C) by inserting after paragraph (8) the following new paragraphs: ``(9) the Department of Health and Human Services; ``(10) the Department of State; ``(11) the Department of Homeland Security; ``(12) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; ``(13) the Department of Education; and''; (2) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the quantum information science and technology research'' and inserting ``quantum information science, engineering, and technology research and quantum application development, demonstration, and commercialization''; (B) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; (C) in paragraph (5), (i) by inserting ``, engineering, and technology'' after ``science''; and (ii) by inserting ``and conduct comparative benchmarking of Federal investments and research strategies relative to those of our strategic partners and other countries'' after ``development efforts''; (D) in paragraph (6)-- (i) by striking ``science and technology'' and inserting ``science, engineering, and technology''; and (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon; (E) in paragraph (7)-- (i) by inserting ``, engineering and technology'' after ``science''; and (ii) by striking the period and inserting ``; and''; and (F) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ``(8) facilitate interagency partnership opportunities to advance quantum applications related to environment, advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, space, and other sectors.''; (3) in subsection (h)(2)(A), by inserting ``, including a description of agency roles and responsibilities'' before the period; and (4) by adding at the end the following new subsection: ``(i) Quantum Use Cases.-- ``(1) In general.--The Subcommittee shall identify