H.B. No. 4 aims to redefine the electoral districts for the election of members of the United States House of Representatives from Texas, detailing the specific counties and tracts that comprise each district. The bill outlines the geographic boundaries for Districts 1 through 38, specifying the counties and numerous tracts and blocks included in each district. For example, District 1 includes Cass, Cherokee, and Bowie Counties, while District 2 encompasses various tracts in Harris and Montgomery Counties. The bill also establishes that these new districts will be used for elections starting in 2026 and includes a provision for the inclusion of any inadvertently omitted geographic areas based on legislative intent.

Additionally, the bill repeals all previous enactments or orders related to congressional districts in Texas, including Chapter 7 (S.B. 6) from the 87th Legislature's 3rd Called Session in 2021. It specifies that the new districts will take effect immediately if passed by a two-thirds majority in both houses; otherwise, they will take effect 91 days after the legislative session concludes. The comprehensive nature of the bill reflects an effort to ensure accurate representation and governance in the House of Representatives, aligning with population changes and demographic shifts within the state.