S.B. No. 15 introduces significant amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure, specifically targeting real property theft and fraud. The bill establishes a ten-year statute of limitations for prosecuting these offenses and creates a new chapter detailing procedures for handling such cases, including requirements for judgments and restitution. Judgments must now include specific information about the real property involved and be filed with the county clerk within ten days of the court's decision. Additionally, the bill enhances the responsibilities of county clerks by requiring them to notify law enforcement of any documents filed after January 1, 2026, that are alleged to be fraudulent, and clarifies photo identification requirements for filing certain documents.

The bill further defines key terms related to real property fraud, such as "Owner" and "Transfer," and outlines offenses for unauthorized transfers of real property. Penalties for these offenses are determined by the market value of the property or benefits involved, with heightened penalties for cases involving elderly or disabled individuals or nonprofit organizations. It also amends existing laws to ensure that property conveyances are properly signed and acknowledged in the presence of credible witnesses or certified by an authorized officer, and mandates that individuals presenting such instruments for recording provide photo identification. The changes will apply only to offenses committed after the Act's effective date, which is set for 91 days after the legislative session, with certain provisions taking effect on January 1, 2026.

Statutes affected:
Introduced: Local Government Code 191.010, Property Code 12.001 (Property Code 12, Local Government Code 191)
Senate Committee Report: Government Code 51.605, Government Code 12.001, Local Government Code 191.010, Penal Code 37.101, Property Code 12.001 (Property Code 12, Penal Code 37, Government Code 12, Government Code 51, Local Government Code 191)
Engrossed: Government Code 51.901, Local Government Code 191.010, Penal Code 31.01, Property Code 12.001 (Property Code 12, Penal Code 31, Penal Code 37, Government Code 12, Government Code 51, Local Government Code 191)