The Texas Sovereignty Act seeks to enhance the authority of the state legislature and courts in declaring certain federal actions unconstitutional, emphasizing the limited powers of the federal government as outlined in the U.S. Constitution, particularly the Tenth Amendment. The bill establishes a Joint Legislative Committee on Constitutional Enforcement, composed of twelve members (six from the House and six from the Senate), tasked with reviewing federal actions that may infringe upon state sovereignty. This committee will operate under specific guidelines and is responsible for reporting its findings to the legislature.

Key provisions of the bill include definitions for "federal action" and "unconstitutional federal action," and a process for the committee to report its findings. If a federal action is deemed unconstitutional, it will have no legal effect in Texas, and state resources cannot be used to enforce it. The Attorney General is empowered to defend the state against such actions, and state courts are allowed to issue declaratory judgments regarding federal actions based on the original understanding of the Constitution. The bill also outlines the appointment process for the committee members and specifies its effective date, which can be immediate with a two-thirds vote or 91 days after the legislative session if that majority is not achieved.

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