H.B. No. 5219 mandates an interim study on water resources development in specific counties within Region M, including Cameron, Hidalgo, Jim Hogg, Maverick, Starr, Webb, Willacy, and Zapata. The Texas Water Development Board's Executive Administrator is tasked with conducting a comprehensive evaluation of groundwater production, its effects on groundwater conditions, and the establishment of a framework for data analysis to support informed decision-making in water resource management. The bill outlines several objectives, including the development of predictive models for resource allocation, identification of fraudulent activities in water management processes, and enhancement of public access to water resource data through user-friendly reporting mechanisms.

The findings from this study must be compiled and reported by September 1, 2026, with the report submitted to relevant legislative committees and made available to the public. The act is set to expire on September 1, 2027.