House Bill No. 3423 mandates a study to assess the feasibility of integrating additional nuclear energy facilities into Texas's electric grid. The chancellor of The University of Texas System is tasked with designating a department or entity to conduct this study, which will include a comparative analysis of the costs and benefits associated with nuclear fusion and fission reactors.

The designated department or entity is required to prepare a report detailing the study's findings and submit it to the legislature by September 1, 2026. The bill also establishes an expiration date of December 1, 2026, for the act, and it is set to take effect on September 1, 2025.