The bill, H.B. No. 3166, introduces a new chapter, Chapter 53, to the Code of Criminal Procedure, which outlines the authority of courts to grant commutations of punishment for certain inmates serving prison sentences. It specifies that this chapter does not apply to inmates convicted of specific offenses or those with affirmative findings related to their crimes. The bill allows the attorney representing the state to file a motion for commutation in any district court within the county of conviction, and it establishes criteria for the court to consider when deciding on such motions, including the inmate's disciplinary record, rehabilitation efforts, and changes in circumstances since sentencing. Notably, the court is permitted to reduce a sentence below the statutory minimum, including the possibility of immediate release.

Additionally, the bill amends Article 56A.051 to enhance victims' rights by ensuring they are informed of any motions for commutation filed under Chapter 53 and any related hearings or orders. If a victim opposes a commutation motion, the attorney representing the state is required to inform the court of the victim's objections. The bill is set to take effect on January 1, 2026, contingent upon the approval of a constitutional amendment that would authorize such commutations. If the amendment is not approved, the bill will have no effect.