S.B. No. 1469 mandates the state demographer to conduct a study assessing the feasibility of Texas conducting its own census to more accurately determine the state's population. The study will evaluate the costs, benefits, and challenges associated with a state census and will identify policy areas where enhanced demographic information could lead to reduced state spending. Additionally, the study will include a question regarding U.S. citizenship for each resident.

The state demographer is required to submit a report on the findings of this study to the legislature by July 1, 2026. The bill is set to expire on September 1, 2026, and will take effect on September 1, 2025.