H.B. No. 1639 mandates a study on the increased incidence of cancer among female firefighters in Texas, to be conducted by the Department of State Health Services in collaboration with the Texas Commission on Fire Protection. The study will utilize data from the cancer registry and other readily available sources to compare cancer rates in female firefighters with those of other women, specifically focusing on cancers that predominantly affect women, such as ovarian and breast cancer.

The bill requires the Department to prepare a written report detailing the study's findings and any recommendations for legislative or other actions by September 1, 2026. This report must be made publicly available on the respective websites of the Department, the Commission, and the cancer registry. The Act is set to expire on September 1, 2027, and will take effect on September 1, 2025.