H.B. No. 1526 mandates a study by Texas State University to assess the anticipated impacts of future climate change on the state and its preparedness to address these challenges. The study will focus on various aspects, including the economic ramifications of climate change, its effects on vulnerable industries such as agriculture, and the expected increase in environmental issues like droughts and natural disasters. The Texas State University System's board of regents is tasked with designating a department or entity to conduct this study.

The bill requires Texas State University to submit a report detailing the study's findings to the governor, lieutenant governor, and all members of the legislature by December 1, 2026. Additionally, the act is set to expire on January 1, 2027, and will take effect immediately if it receives a two-thirds vote from both houses; otherwise, it will take effect on September 1, 2025.