H.B. No. 1276 mandates the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service to conduct a comprehensive study on the state's response to plant disease and pest outbreaks. The study will assess how the state identifies and is notified of such outbreaks, as well as its capabilities for managing and containing them. The findings from this study are to be compiled into a report, which must be submitted by December 1, 2026, to key state officials, including the governor and the commissioner of agriculture. The report is expected to include recommendations aimed at enhancing the state's current systems for identifying and responding to plant disease or pest outbreaks.

The bill also stipulates that it will expire on September 1, 2027, and it will take effect immediately if it secures a two-thirds majority vote in both houses of the legislature. If the necessary vote is not achieved, the bill will take effect on September 1, 2025.