H.B. No. 975 introduces a new chapter in the Texas Health and Safety Code, specifically focusing on the right to access individualized investigational treatments for patients suffering from life-threatening or severely debilitating illnesses. The bill defines "individualized investigational treatment" as a drug, biological product, or device tailored to an individual patient based on their genetic profile. It establishes eligibility criteria for both patients and healthcare facilities, requiring that patients have considered all other FDA-approved treatment options and provided informed consent, while healthcare facilities must operate under federal regulations for human subject protection.

The bill also outlines the informed consent process, which must include detailed information about the treatment, potential outcomes, and financial responsibilities. It clarifies that manufacturers are not obligated to provide these treatments and that patients may incur costs associated with them. Additionally, the bill protects healthcare providers from penalties related to recommending these treatments and ensures that patients' heirs are not liable for debts incurred from the treatment if the patient passes away. The act is set to take effect on September 1, 2025.

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