The Texas Sovereignty Act seeks to affirm the state's authority over federal government actions by declaring that the federal government possesses only limited powers as outlined in the U.S. Constitution. The Act establishes a Joint Legislative Committee on Constitutional Enforcement, which will be responsible for reviewing federal actions to assess their constitutionality. It mandates that state officials uphold their oaths to defend the Constitution against any federal actions deemed unconstitutional. The bill introduces new legal language, including the creation of Chapter 394 in the Government Code, which details the committee's structure and procedures.

The committee will consist of 12 members from both the House and Senate, and it is tasked with reporting its findings to the legislature. The Act empowers the committee to declare federal actions unconstitutional, rendering them ineffective in Texas, and prohibits the use of state resources to enforce such actions. Additionally, the Attorney General is granted the authority to defend the state against unconstitutional federal actions. The bill will take effect immediately if it secures a two-thirds vote from all elected members of both houses; otherwise, it will become effective on September 1, 2025.

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