H.B. No. 413 introduces a new provision in the Texas Code of Criminal Procedure, specifically adding Article 17.1511, which addresses the detention of defendants awaiting trial. The bill stipulates that a defendant charged with an offense punishable as a Class B misdemeanor or higher cannot be held in jail for a cumulative period that exceeds the maximum potential punishment for the offense, taking into account any credit for good behavior while in custody. This provision aims to ensure that defendants are not detained longer than the maximum sentence they could receive if convicted.

However, the bill includes an exception for defendants who are undergoing competency evaluations or are subject to commitment orders under Chapter 46B. The changes enacted by this bill will only apply to individuals arrested on or after its effective date of September 1, 2025, meaning that those arrested prior to this date will still be governed by the existing laws.