House Bill 2070, also known as the "Tennessee Energy Freedom Act," aims to amend Tennessee Code Annotated by introducing a new chapter that establishes definitions and rights related to the exploration and use of fossil fuels, specifically coal, oil, and natural gas. The bill defines key terms such as "covered activities," "covered emissions," and "liability," and asserts the right of individuals and companies to engage in these activities without facing discrimination or liability, unless proven to violate federal environmental laws. It emphasizes that liability for covered emissions can only be assigned based on emissions from products within the jurisdiction and outlines a process for determining the amount of covered emissions.

Additionally, the bill allows individuals or companies to seek declaratory relief to establish a definitive record of their emissions, with the Department of Environment and Conservation named as the defendant in such actions. The court is required to expedite these cases and render decisions within 60 days, while ensuring that the declarations made are permanent and valid for all purposes, barring any conflicting federal or state requirements. The act is set to take effect on July 1, 2026, and includes a severability clause to maintain the validity of other provisions if any part of the act is deemed invalid.