The bill H. 4461 aims to amend Chapter 2 of Title 47 of the South Carolina Code, which currently regulates the possession of large wild cats, non-native bears, and great apes, by expanding its scope to include all primates. The legislation introduces new definitions and terms, such as "covered animals," which encompasses large wild cats, non-native bears, great apes, and all primates, except humans. It establishes regulations regarding the possession, acquisition, and registration of these animals, including a requirement for possessors to register with local animal control authorities and pay associated fees. The bill also outlines exemptions for certain organizations and individuals, such as nonprofit animal protection organizations and licensed facilities, allowing them to temporarily house these animals under specific conditions.

Additionally, the bill sets forth penalties for violations, including fines and potential imprisonment, and grants enforcement authority to animal control and law enforcement agencies. It allows for the confiscation of covered animals under certain circumstances, such as when they pose a danger to public safety or are held in violation of the law. The legislation emphasizes the importance of public safety and animal welfare, requiring possessors to maintain proper care and housing for the animals and to notify authorities in case of escapes. Overall, the bill seeks to enhance the regulation of exotic animal ownership in South Carolina while ensuring the safety of both the public and the animals involved.