The bill H. 4461 aims to amend Chapter 2 of Title 47 of the South Carolina Code, which currently regulates the possession of large wild cats, non-native bears, and great apes, by expanding its scope to include all primates. The legislation introduces new definitions and terms, such as "covered animals," which encompasses large wild cats, non-native bears, and all primates, while also establishing regulations for the possession and acquisition of these animals. The bill outlines the responsibilities of possessors, including registration requirements, veterinary care standards, and contingency plans for escapes, as well as penalties for violations.

Additionally, the bill specifies exemptions for certain entities, such as nonprofit animal protection organizations and licensed facilities, allowing them to temporarily house covered animals under specific conditions. It also grants animal control authorities the power to confiscate animals that pose a danger or are held unlawfully, with provisions for their return if the possessor meets legal requirements. The legislation emphasizes the importance of public safety and animal welfare, while allowing local governments to adopt more stringent regulations if desired.