The "Fairness in Women's Sports Act" seeks to establish guidelines for the classification of athletic teams in public schools and higher education based on students' biological sex at birth. The bill mandates that all athletic teams be designated as male, female, or coed, explicitly prohibiting male students from participating on female-designated teams. In instances where a student's sex is disputed, the bill allows for verification through a signed physician's statement that evaluates the student's reproductive anatomy, testosterone levels, and genetic makeup. This legislation emphasizes the physiological differences between males and females as a justification for maintaining separate teams to promote equality and opportunities for female athletes.

Furthermore, the bill introduces a private cause of action for students who feel their athletic opportunities have been compromised or who face retaliation due to violations of the act. It allows these students to seek injunctive relief, damages, and other legal remedies against educational institutions or athletic organizations. Additionally, schools can pursue claims against government entities or accrediting organizations if they suffer harm due to violations. The act includes provisions that are declared severable, ensuring that if any part is invalidated, the remaining sections will still be enforceable. The act is scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2026.