The bill amends the General Laws in Chapter 11-47 entitled "Weapons" to enhance the requirements for the safe storage of firearms. It introduces penalties for unsafe storage, defining it as not securing a firearm in a locked container or without a tamper-resistant mechanical lock or other safety device. Penalties escalate from a fine up to $250 for a first offense to potential imprisonment for a third or subsequent offense. The bill also increases the age definition of a "child" from sixteen to eighteen and establishes the concept of criminal storage of a firearm in varying degrees, with penalties depending on whether the firearm is used in a crime or causes injury. Additionally, the bill requires retail dealers to provide a trigger lock or safety device with every firearm sold and mandates that dealers display signs about firearm risks and storage laws in both English and Spanish, including information on the 988 Suicide and Crisis hotline.

The bill further includes educational initiatives, requiring the Department of Health, in collaboration with the state police, to create informational materials on the risks of firearm access, secure storage laws, a summary of firearms legislation, and suicide prevention resources. These materials must be provided to all firearm purchasers. Moreover, the Department of Health and the Department of Education are tasked with producing information for students and families on secure gun storage and behavioral health resources, to be distributed annually in pamphlet form and electronically on school district websites. The act is set to become effective immediately upon passage.