Senate Bill No. 2172 aims to regulate the possession, sale, transfer, and breeding of primates in Oklahoma. The bill defines key terms such as "primate," "primate sanctuary," and "animal control authority," and establishes that it is unlawful for any person to possess, sell, transfer, or breed a primate. However, certain exemptions are provided for research facilities, primate sanctuaries, public animal shelters, licensed veterinary hospitals, law enforcement officers, and properly maintained zoological parks or circuses. Individuals who lawfully possessed a primate prior to the bill's effective date must adhere to specific requirements, including maintaining veterinary records, not acquiring additional primates, and registering with the local animal control authority.

The bill outlines enforcement procedures, allowing law enforcement officers to seize or impound primates in violation of the law, with provisions for judicial hearings to determine violations. Upon a judicial determination of a violation, the court may order the forfeiture of the primate and require the violator to cover the costs of care for the animal. Violators of the law face misdemeanor charges with fines ranging from $500 to $2,000. Additionally, the bill permits local governments to impose stricter regulations on primate possession and establishes an effective date of November 1, 2026.