BILL NUMBER: S1169B
SPONSOR: GONZALEZ
 
TITLE OF BILL:
An act to amend the civil rights law and the executive law, in relation
to the use of artificial intelligence systems
 
PURPOSE OR GENERAL IDEA OF BILL:
The purpose of this bill is to promote safe and responsible development,
deployment, and use of artificial intelligence systems.
 
SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS:
Section 1 is the name of the bill.
Section 2 sets out the legislative findings and intent. Al already occu-
pies a prominent role in New Yorkers' lives, often without their know-
ledge. A deep body of independent research shows that many Al systems
are not fit for purpose. Of particular concern, Al errors can replicate
and magnify existing bias. Entities that profit from development and
deployment of Al tools should be held liable when they fail to adequate-
ly prepare these tools and when they cause unintended consequences.
Section 3 of the bill establishes protections regarding artificial
intelligence in sections 105 through 115 of a new article 10-A of the
civil rights law:
Section 105 sets forth definitions for this article.
Section 106 prohibits discriminatory practices with respect to high-risk
Al systems. Section 107 is the jurisdictional scope.
Section 108 creates deployer and developer obligations with respect to
high-risk Al systems.
Section 109 enacts whistleblower protections for the employees of
covered developers and covered deployers.
Section 110 obligates developers and deployers to conduct audits of
high-risk Al systems.
Section 111 requires reporting on high-risk Al systems.
Section 112 sets out requirements for internal risk management policies
and programs for covered developers and covered deployers.
Section 113 prohibits the development, deployment, use, or sale of an Al
system that assesses trustworthiness based on social behavior, or known
or predicted personal characteristics, and leads to unjustified differ-
ential treatment:!
Section 114 enables enforcement of this article by the attorney general.
Section 115 is the severability clause.
Section 4 amends section 296 of the executive law to provide that a
violation of subdivision 106 of this article shall be considered an
unlawful discriminatory practice under the executive law.
Section 5 is the effective date.
 
JUSTIFICATION:
Artificial intelligence technology is already an integral part of New
Yorker's daily lives. In the private sector, Al is already being used in
education, health care, employment, insurance, credit scoring, public
safety, retail, banking and financial services, media, and more, yet few
regulations have been adopted to protect New Yorkers from serious issues
like bias and inaccuracy.
It is the duty of government to protect citizens and hold developers and
deployers accountable for irresponsible practices and harm caused
through errors of their systems. This bill creates a framework that is
designed to address risks before they become harmful to citizens. Under
this bill, if such harm occurs or an entity fails to proactively address
risk, they may face
 
PRIOR LEGISLATIVE HISTORY:
2025: Passed Senate; Introduced in Assembly
 
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS FOR STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS:
To be determined.
 
EFFECTIVE DATE:
This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become a law;
provided, however, that section 110 of article 10-A of the civil rights
law as added by section three of this act shall take effect two years
after it shall have become a law.

Statutes affected:
S1169: 296 executive law
S1169A: 296 executive law
S1169B: 296 executive law