The Health Professional Autonomy Act aims to protect the professional judgment and clinical decision-making of health care providers in New Mexico. The bill defines key terms such as "health care entity," "health care provider," and "telemedicine provider," and establishes that health care entities cannot interfere with the professional judgment of health care providers, except as required by licensing or accreditation. Specific prohibitions include interference in decisions regarding diagnostic tests, referrals, patient care responsibilities, and patient volume.

Additionally, the Act provides a private right of action for individuals who suffer injury due to violations of the Act, allowing them to sue for damages, punitive damages, and attorney fees. The Attorney General is also empowered to enforce the Act by bringing actions against health care entities suspected of violations, seeking injunctive relief and restitution without the need to post a bond. The provisions of this Act are set to take effect on July 1, 2026.