The Essential Services Development Act establishes a framework for state support of infrastructure projects that provide access to essential services such as internet, energy, water, and wastewater primarily for residential purposes. The Act defines key terms, including "essential services project," which refers to infrastructure projects aimed at enhancing access to these services. It mandates that public support for such projects must be specifically authorized by law, ensuring safeguards for public funds and resources. The local or regional governments seeking support must adopt a development plan detailing their goals, project types, eligibility criteria, and processes for application and verification.

Additionally, the Act allows for the formation of joint powers agreements between municipalities and counties to create regional development plans. It outlines the procedures for applying for public support, including the establishment of special funds for managing the received funds, and stipulates that any unspent funds must be returned to the state treasury if a project is terminated. The Act also requires the division to enter into project participation agreements with local or regional governments, which will detail the public support provided, project timelines, performance reviews, and measures to safeguard public resources.