The Employee Free Speech Act aims to protect employees from retaliatory actions by employers related to political speech and participation. The bill defines key terms such as "employee," "employer," "political matters," and "retaliatory action." It prohibits employers from taking or threatening retaliatory actions against employees who refuse to attend employer-sponsored meetings or listen to communications regarding political matters. If an employer violates this act, they are liable for actual damages, reinstatement, lost wages, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney fees for the employee if they prevail in court.

Additionally, the act outlines specific exceptions where employers are allowed to communicate necessary information to employees, such as legal obligations, job-related duties, and academic programs in educational institutions. It also allows for casual conversations that do not require participation and permits requirements for managerial and supervisory employees. Overall, the Employee Free Speech Act seeks to ensure that employees can freely express their political views without fear of retaliation from their employers.