The Fair Wage Protection Act aims to prohibit the use of surveillance wage setting, which involves determining wages through algorithms that analyze surveillance data related to workers' personal characteristics, online behaviors, or biometrics. The bill defines key terms such as "surveillance wage setting," "wage setting algorithm," and "worker," and clarifies that certain practices, like decisions not to hire individuals without prior work experience and compliance activities for anti-discrimination laws, are not considered surveillance wage setting.

Additionally, the bill mandates that employers disclose specific information about the data used in wage setting algorithms to workers before hiring and within 60 days for those already employed. It also requires employers to develop procedures to ensure data accuracy and allow workers to challenge the data used in wage determinations. Violations of the act can result in civil penalties, with fines up to $5,000 for certain offenses. The act is designed to affirm workers' rights without diminishing any existing legal protections.