Jillian's Law amends existing statutes regarding the commitment of defendants found not competent to stand trial. The bill modifies N.J.S.A.2C:4-5 to require the appointment of at least two qualified psychiatrists or licensed psychologists to evaluate a defendant's mental condition, replacing the previous requirement of just one expert. This change aims to enhance the accuracy of fitness determinations. Additionally, the bill amends N.J.S.A.2C:4-6 to eliminate options for outpatient placement or release for defendants deemed incompetent, mandating instead that such individuals be committed to the custody of the Commissioner of Human Services if they are found to be unfit to proceed and meet specific criteria, including being charged with serious offenses that carry significant parole ineligibility.

Furthermore, the bill introduces a provision that allows for the evaluation of defendants who, while not immediately dangerous, cannot be released without posing a risk to themselves or the community. In such cases, the court will refer the individual for evaluation to determine the need for involuntary commitment. The legislation emphasizes that any institutional commitment should not exceed the time necessary to assess the likelihood of the defendant regaining competence in the foreseeable future. If a defendant remains unfit after this evaluation, the court may dismiss the charges held in abeyance, while still allowing for the possibility of involuntary civil commitment under existing laws for those who continue to require it.